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摘要: 采用自制的负氧平衡复合炸药前驱体,在密闭容器中充氮气保护下爆轰合成了碳包覆镍纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射、X射线荧光、透射电镜和拉曼光谱等技术,对爆炸产物的组成成分、结构形貌等进行了观测。结果表明,爆轰产物主要由具有面心立方结构的镍晶核和碳元素构成,此外还含有其它微量元素;合成的纳米颗粒呈球形或椭球形状,颗粒尺寸主要分布在10~25 nm范围,包覆的碳壳厚度约1~2 nm,核壳结构完备。结合观测结果,对爆轰法合成碳包覆纳米颗粒的形成机制进行了简单的讨论。Abstract: Carbon-encapsulated nickel nanoparticles (CENNPs) with core-shell structure were synthesized by detonation method using homemade composite explosives with negative oxygen balance. The detonation chemical reaction was initiated by a nonel tube detonator in a closed explosion vessel filled with nitrogen gas. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with selected area electron diffraction and Raman spectrum techniques were used to characterize the as-obtained detonation products. The XRD and XRF analysis showed that the detonation products mainly consisted of the well-crystallized face-centered cubic nickel nanocrystals, carbon and other microelement. TEM showed that most nanoparticles are made up of a nickel core with the size of 10~25 nm and a carbon shell with the thickness of 1~2 nm. The Raman spectrum analysis indicated that the coating carbon shell is mainly composed of graphite and amorphous carbon. Furthermore, the possible formation mechanism for CENNPs were also discussed.
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