中国绵阳研究堆高压中子衍射谱仪在材料研究中的应用

孙嘉程; 陈喜平; 谢雷; 房雷鸣

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230790

中国绵阳研究堆高压中子衍射谱仪在材料研究中的应用

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230790

中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所, 四川绵阳　621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12075215，11427810）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙嘉程（1999－），女，硕士研究生，从事材料的高压合成与表征研究. E-mail：giasun413@163.com

通讯作者:
房雷鸣（1980－），男，博士，研究员，主要从事高压材料及高压中子衍射研究. E-mail：flmyaya2008@163.com

中图分类号: O521.3; O711; O469
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-10
- 修回日期: 2023-11-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-21
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-03

Application of the High-Pressure Neutron Diffractometer at CMRR in Materials Research

Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 中国绵阳研究堆（CMRR）的高压中子衍射谱仪（凤凰，HPND）由中子聚焦系统、探测器系统、高压加载与集成系统等部分组成，可进行常压高低温、高压环境下的中子衍射实验，其中子衍射实验的原位室温高压加载最高可达30 GPa，高温高压加载最高可达2000 K、10 GPa。目前，凤凰谱仪已被广泛应用于材料研究领域，如过渡金属氮化物、锂离子材料、磁性材料、含能材料、铁电陶瓷等。利用常规中子衍射、高低温中子衍射以及高压中子衍射技术，获得材料的原子精确占位、磁结构、晶体结构以及相变等信息。
- 高压 /
- 中子衍射 /
- 原子占位 /
- 结构相变
Abstract: High pressure neutron diffractometer (HPND), also known as FENGHUANG, at China Mianyang Research Reactor’s (CMRR) neutron science platform, which include neutron focusing system, detector system, high-pressure devices and integrated system, can be constructed to in situ neutron diffraction experiments under ambient, high/low temperature, and high-pressure conditions. For in situ high-pressure neutron diffraction experiments, the pressure can reach to over 30 GPa at room temperature, and 10 GPa at 2000 K. FENGHUANG diffractometer has been widely applied in the field of materials researches, to provide precise information on atomic occupation, magnetic structure, crystalline structure and phase transitions, such as transition-metal nitrides, Li-containing materials, magnetic materials, energetic materials, ferroelectric ceramics.
- high pressure /
- neutron diffraction /
- atomic occupancy /
- structural phase transition

HTML全文

图 1 凤凰谱仪及HP3-1500高压加载装置

Figure 1. FENGHUANG diffractometer and HP3-1500 high pressure device

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图 2 (a) 铁镍氮化合物的中子衍射精修图谱以及(b) γ-FeNi₃相、(c) γ-Fe₄N相、(d) ɛ-Fe₃N相3种铁镍氮化合物的晶体结构^[35]

Figure 2. (a) Rietveld-refined NPD patterns for iron-nickel nitrides; crystal structures of three iron-nickel nitrides as determined from NPD refinement, corresponding to phases (b) γ-FeNi₃, (c) γ-Fe₄N, and (d) ɛ-Fe₃N^[35]

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图 3 Li_2.1C_0.9B_0.1O₃的粉末X射线衍射 (a) 和粉末中子衍射 (b) 精修谱^[37]

Figure 3. Refined powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) (a) and PND (b) profiles of the polycrystalline samples of Li_2.1C_0.9B_0.1O₃^[37]

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图 4 Cr₂Se₃的低温中子衍射谱 (a) 及得到的磁结构 (b) （虚线和实线分别对应晶体结构和磁结构单元）^[39]

Figure 4. Neutron diffraction patterns (a) and speculative magnetic structures (b) of Cr₂Se₃ (The dashed and solid lines show the crystal unit cell and the magnetic unit cell, respectively.)^[39]

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图 5 四氮唑的高压中子衍射结果^[43]

Figure 5. High pressure neutron diffraction results of 1H-tetrazoles^[43]

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图 6 KNN铁电陶瓷材料的室温高压中子衍射结果^[45]

Figure 6. High pressure neutron diffraction results of KNN ferroelectric ceramics at ambient temperature^[45]

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表 1 凤凰谱仪的主要参数

Table 1. Main instrumental parameters of FENGHUANG diffractometer

Take-off-angle/(°)	Wavelength/Å	Scan angle/(°)
94	1.59	3−153

In-situ high pressure environment	Flux at sample position/(n·cm⁻²·s⁻¹)	Minimum resolution/%
> 30 GPa/room temperature, 10 GPa/2000 K	2.8×10⁶	0.35

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