基于小波变换的爆炸电磁辐射研究

朱汪平; 栗建桥

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20230632

基于小波变换的爆炸电磁辐射研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20230632

朱汪平,
栗建桥^*, ,

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京　100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12172054，11802026）

详细信息

作者简介:
朱汪平（1997－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail：15755429751@163.com

通讯作者:
栗建桥（1987－），男，预聘助理教授，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail：jqli@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383.1; O441.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-29
- 修回日期: 2023-04-20
- 录用日期: 2023-04-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-07

Research on Electromagnetic Radiation Generated During Explosion Based on Wavelet Transform

ZHU Wangping,
LI Jianqiao^{*
, ,}

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 常规爆炸伴随着显著的电磁效应，能够对爆炸测试产生干扰，也可以作为一种无接触手段测试爆炸冲击场。研究爆炸电磁效应具有重要的工程应用价值。采用示波器、天线、高速摄像机组成的测量系统对100、200 g药量RDX爆炸电磁辐射进行了5组不同距离测量实验，记录2 ms的电磁辐射信号并对RDX爆炸产生的电磁辐射进行分析。结果表明，RDX爆炸电磁辐射信号主要分为3种时段：重复性强的30 μs附近典型特征峰；同组重复性强、不同组重复性一般的30～200 μs后续特征峰；200 μs后无明显重复性的脉冲信号。结合爆炸高速影像发现，爆炸电磁辐射信号与爆轰产物状态有较强关联，典型特征峰以及后续特征峰主要是爆轰前期剧烈反应使爆轰产物电离产生的信号。利用天线系数反演电场强度曲线，分析药量、距离与电场强度之间的关系，发现对于典型特征峰：同药量下，电场强度随着距离成指数下降；同距离下，200 g药量比100 g药量爆炸产生的电场强度大。
- 黑索金 /
- 爆炸电磁信号 /
- 时频特性 /
- 小波分析
Abstract: Conventional explosions are accompanied by significant electromagnetic effects, which can interfere with explosion testing and also serve as a non-contact means of testing explosion shock waves. The study of explosive electromagnetic effects has important engineering application value. A measurement system composed of an oscilloscope, antennas, and a high-speed camera was used to conduct 5 sets of electromagnetic radiation measurement experiments, whose testing object is 100 or 200 g RDX. The experiment recorded electromagnetic radiation signals with 2 ms, and analyzed the electromagnetic radiation generated by RDX explosion. The experimental results showed that the RDX explosive electromagnetic radiation signal mainly consists of three periods: a typical peak at 30 μs with strong repeatability, subsequent peaks with strong repeatability in the same group but poor repeatability in different groups during 30−200 μs, and a pulse signal without obvious repeatability after 200 μs. Combined with high-speed imaging of the explosion, it’s found that there has been a strong correlation between the explosive electromagnetic radiation and the state of detonation products. The typical peak and subsequent peaks are mainly signals generated by the ionization of the explosive products during the violent reaction in the pre-explosion stage. By using the antenna factor to invert the electric field strength curve, the relationship between the explosive equivalent, distance, and electric field strength was analyzed. It’s found that at the same explosive equivalent, the electric field intensity of typical peak decreases exponentially with distance. At the same distance, the electric field intensity of typical peak generated by a 200 g explosion is greater than that of a 100 g explosion.
- RDX /
- explosion electromagnetic signal /
- time-frequency characteristics /
- wavelet analysis

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图 1 测试系统结构（a）及实验现场（b）

Figure 1. Test system structure （a）and experimental site（b）

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图 2 爆炸电磁辐射原始信号

Figure 2. Original signal waveform of explosive electromagnetic radiation

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图 3 RDX爆炸过程的高速影像

Figure 3. High-speed images during RDX explosion process

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图 4 实验组2-通道3通道的原始信号与小波降噪波形对比

Figure 4. Comparison of original signal and wavelet denoising waveform in case 2-CH3

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图 5 RDX爆炸仿真模型

Figure 5. Simulation model of RDX explosion

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图 6 实验组3-通道4 的信号放大波形

Figure 6. Amplified signal waveform of case 3-CH4

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图 7 实验组5-通道2的信号特殊波形

Figure 7. Special signal waveform of case 5-CH2

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图 8 模拟工况下的内能云图

Figure 8. Internal energy contour of simulation conditions

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图 9 1000 μs时的爆轰产物状态：（a）实验组4，（b）实验组5，（c）仿真计算爆轰产物分布

Figure 9. Detonation product state at 1000 μs：(a) case 4, (b) case 5, (c) simulated distribution of detonation products

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图 10 小波变换的时频谱

Figure 10. Time-frequency spectrum of wavelet transform

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图 11 实验组5-通道4的后续波形小波变换(a)和后续波时域波形(b)

Figure 11. Wavelet transform of follow-up peak (a) and time-domain waveform of follow-up peak (b) in case 5-CH4

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图 12 电场强度时域曲线

Figure 12. Time-domain curves of electric field strength

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图 13 实验组5-通道4 降噪原始信号与电场强度时域对比

Figure 13. Time domain comparison of denoise original signal and electric field strength in case 5-CH4

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图 14 电场强度与距离、药量之间的变化关系

Figure 14. Variation of electric field intensity with distance and explosive equivalent

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图 15 距离与电场强度的拟合关系

Figure 15. Fitting relationship between distance and electric field strength

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表 1 实验条件

Table 1. Experimental condition

Case	Charge/g	Channel	Distance/m
1	100	CH2	3.4
		CH3	2.1
		CH4	5.2
2	100	CH2	5.0
		CH3	1.5
		CH4	2.0
3	100	CH2	5.0
		CH3	1.5
		CH4	2.0
4	200	CH2	1.5
		CH3	5.0
		CH4	1.5
5	200	CH2	1.5
		CH3	5.0
		CH4	1.5

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表 2 RDX和空气的模拟参数

Table 2. Simulation parameters of RDX and air

ρ_0，RDX/(kg·m⁻³)	p_CJ/GPa	D_CJ/(m·s⁻¹)	e_0，RDX/(MJ·m⁻³)	ρ_0，Air/(kg·m⁻³)	γ	e_0，Air/(MJ·m⁻³)
1650	32	8250	9.2	1.26	1.4	0.196 2

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表 3 典型特征峰和后续特征峰的时间参数及幅值

Table 3. Time parameters & amplitudes of typical peak and follow-up peak

Case	Channel	Typical peak		Follow-up peak
Case	Channel	t/μs	U/V	t/μs	U/V
2	CH2	23.62	−0.0023	39.89	0.0012
	CH3	23.61	−0.0055	39.53	0.0046
	CH4	23.77	−0.0032	39.84	−0.0009
3	CH2	28.12	−0.0007	140.70	0.0047
	CH3	28.45	−0.0044	140.60	0.0294
	CH4	28.35	−0.0025	141.20	−0.0073
4	CH2	167.50	−0.0123	198.00	−0.0127
	CH3	167.40	−0.0124	197.90	−0.0118
	CH4	168.00	−0.0145	198.10	−0.0153
5	CH2	23.82	0.0037	44.96	−0.0010
	CH3	23.84	0.0024	44.74	0.0033
	CH4	23.98	0.0051	44.46	0.0017

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表 4 典型特征峰和后续特征峰的频域特性

Table 4. Frequency domain characteristics of typical peak and follow-up peak

Case	Channel	Typical peak		Follow-up peak
Case	Channel	t/μs	f/MHz	t/μs	f/MHz
2	CH2	24.0	15	41.1	15
	CH3	24.0	18	41.1	18
	CH4	23.7	14	40.2	22
3	CH2	28.5	15	145.3	17
	CH3	27.9	8	145.5	10
	CH4	28.2	9	145.4	11
4	CH2	167.9	12	198.0	17
	CH3	167.4	17	198.0	7
	CH4	168.1	12	198.5	11
5	CH2	24.0	12	45.0	2
	CH3	23.9	7	45.0	2
	CH4	24.5	7	45.2	2

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表 5 特征峰的电场强度

Table 5. Electric field intensity of characteristic peak

Case	Channel	Typical peak		Follow-up peak
Case	Channel	t/μs	E/(V·m⁻¹)	t/μs	E/(V·m⁻¹)
2	CH2	23.6	−0.0073	39.8	0.0028
	CH3	23.8	−0.0150	39.8	0.0130
	CH4	23.8	−0.0100	40.3	0.0025
3	CH2	27.9	−0.0019	144.9	0.0170
	CH3	27.6	−0.0154	144.8	0.0504
	CH4	28.2	0.0088	145.4	−0.0229
4	CH2	167.5	−0.0318	198.0	−0.0326
	CH3	167.9	−0.0354	198.4	−0.0325
	CH4	168.0	−0.0343	198.5	−0.0379
5	CH2	23.9	−0.0199	44.8	−0.0016
	CH3	23.9	−0.0079	45.0	0.0018
	CH4	24.0	0.0182	45.5	−0.0016

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