Design and Crashworthiness Analysis of New Bionic Honeycomb Structure
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摘要: 受自然界毛竹微观结构的启发，在传统圆管与六边形管的基础上引入内管及双菱形肋骨，通过拓扑衍生方法设计了两种新型仿生蜂窝结构。在此基础上利用有限元软件ABAQUS对新型仿生蜂窝的耐撞性进行数值模拟，研究了蜂窝单胞构型、蜂窝壁厚、双菱形肋骨夹角对仿生蜂窝耐撞性能的影响。此外，基于超折叠单元理论，建立了仿生蜂窝结构的理论分析模型。结果表明：仿生蜂窝的面外压缩耐撞性能优于传统圆形蜂窝和传统六边形蜂窝。新型仿生六边形蜂窝的比吸能相比传统六边形蜂窝提高51.18%，压缩力效率提高53.14%。仿生蜂窝结构的平均压缩力理论预测结果与数值模拟结果吻合，两者间的误差均在10%以内。单胞构型为六边形的仿生蜂窝的耐撞性能优于圆形仿生蜂窝。适当增加仿生蜂窝壁厚或增大双菱形肋骨夹角，均有利于提高结构的耐撞性能。Abstract: Inspired by the microstructures of bamboo in nature, two new bionic honeycomb structures were designed based on topological derivation method by introducing inner tube and double diamond ribs on the basis of traditional round tube and hexagonal tube. The performances of the bionic honeycomb structures and the traditional honeycomb structures under quasi-static compression are compared, and the theoretical analysis model of the bionic honeycomb structures is established based on the simplified super folding element theory. On this basis, ABAQUS finite element software is used to simulate the crashworthiness of the new bionic honeycombs. The influences of the single cell configuration, the wall thickness and the angle of the double diamond ribs of the honeycomb on the crashworthiness of the bionic honeycombs are studied. The results show that the crashworthiness of the bionic honeycombs is better than that of the traditional circular honeycomb and the traditional hexagonal honeycomb. Compared with the traditional hexagonal honeycomb, the specific energy absorption and compression force efficiency of the new bionic hexagonal honeycomb are increased by 51.18% and 53.14%, respectively. The theoretical predictions on the average compression forces of the bionic honeycomb structures are consistent with the numerical simulation results, and the errors are less than 10%. The crashworthiness of the hexagonal bionic honeycomb is better than that of the circular bionic honeycomb. Moreover, the crashworthiness of the bionic honeycomb structure can be improved by increasing the wall thickness appropriately, or by increasing the angle of the double diamond ribs.
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图 5 不同类型蜂窝的耐撞性比较：(a) 载荷-位移曲线，(b) BHH的载荷-位移曲线，(c) PCF和SEA，(d) CFE
Figure 5. Crashworthiness comparison of different honeycombs: (a) load-displacement curve, (b) load-displacement curve of BHH, (c) PCF and SEA, (d) CFE
图 6 简化超折叠单元模式[20]：(a)拉伸单元，(b)弯曲塑性铰线，(c)基本折叠单元凸缘完全压缩
Figure 6. Scheme of simplified super folding element: (a) extensional element, (b) bending hinge lines, (c) full compression of flange (basic folding element)
图 7 仿生蜂窝单胞变形模式：(a) BHH单胞，(b) BRH单胞
Figure 7. Bionic honeycomb single cell deformation mode: (a) BHH single cell, (b) BRH single cell
图 8 结构基本单元分布与简化
Figure 8. Distribution and simplification of basic constitutive elements
图 9 基本角单元：(a) X型单元，(b) K型单元
Figure 9. Basic angle element: (a) X-shape element, (b) K-shape element
图 10 仿生蜂窝的载荷-位移曲线：(a) BRH，(b) BHH
Figure 10. Load-displacement curves of bionic honeycombs: (a) BRH, (b) BHH
图 11 不同壁厚下两种仿生蜂窝的耐撞参数对比
Figure 11. Crashworthiness comparison of two bionic honeycombs at different thicknesses of membrane
图 12 不同肋骨夹角下两种仿生蜂窝的耐撞参数对比：(a) PCF，(b) MCF，(c) SEA，(d) CFE
Figure 12. Crashworthiness comparison of two bionic honeycombs at different rib angles: (a) PCF, (b) MCF, (c) SEA, (d) CFE
图 13 仿生蜂窝的变形模式与应变云图：(a) BHH的变形模式，(b) BRH的变形模式，(c) BHH的等效塑性应变，(d) BRH的等效塑性应变
Figure 13. Deformation modes and equivalent plastic strain of the bionic honeycombs: (a) deformation mode of BHH, (b) deformation mode of BRH, (c) equivalent plastic strain of BHH, (d) equivalent plastic strain of BRH
表 1 传统蜂窝与仿生蜂窝的结构尺寸
Table 1. Structure sizes of traditional honeycombs and bionic honeycombs
Honeycomb type RH HH BRH BHH Cross section shape 
Single cell 
Single cell size D=10 mm D=10 mm D=10 mm,
d=5 mm,
a = 0.58 mm,
b = 0.87 mm,
$\alpha $ = 60°D=10 mm,
d=5 mm,
a = 0.58 mm,
b = 0.87 mm,
$\alpha $ = 60°
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表 2 数值模拟与理论预测结果对比
Table 2. Comparison of numerical simulation and theory
Structure type t/mm M/g pmd/kN Error/% Sim. Theory BRH 0.015 1.66 1.46 1.42 −2.74 BRH 0.030 3.31 3.91 4.02 2.81 BRH 0.045 4.97 6.57 5.99 −8.82 BRH 0.060 6.62 8.84 9.02 2.04 BRH 0.075 8.28 11.47 11.91 3.84 BRH 0.090 9.93 15.05 15.66 4.05 BHH 0.015 1.46 1.41 1.44 2.13 BHH 0.030 2.92 3.66 3.59 −1.91 BHH 0.045 4.38 6.07 6.12 0.82 BHH 0.060 5.84 8.72 8.69 −0.34 BHH 0.075 7.30 11.77 12.15 3.23 BHH 0.090 8.75 15.31 15.97 4.31
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