不同不耦合系数下花岗岩爆破损伤特性的离散元模拟

袁增森; 徐振洋; 潘博; 李广尚

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20210804

不同不耦合系数下花岗岩爆破损伤特性的离散元模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210804

袁增森^1,,
徐振洋^1,*, ,,
潘博²,
李广尚¹

1.
辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院，辽宁鞍山　114051
2.
北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京　100083

基金项目: “十三五”国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0801603）；辽宁科技大学青年骨干人才项目（601011507-25）

详细信息

作者简介:
袁增森（1994－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事岩石破碎和工程爆破研究.E-mail：1243215702@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐振洋（1982－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事岩石破碎和工程爆破研究. E-mail：xuzhenyang10@foxmail.com

中图分类号: O383; TU45
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-28
- 修回日期: 2021-06-23

Discrete Element Simulation of Blasting Damage Characteristics of Granite under Different Decoupling Coefficients

1.
School of Mining Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
2.
School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究径向装药不耦合系数对花岗岩爆破损伤程度的影响，在考虑爆炸冲击波和爆生气体共同作用的基础上，提出了一种“动”、“静”荷载混合施加的PFC爆破模拟方法，采用该方法分别进行了6种不耦合系数下花岗岩爆破过程的数值模拟。模拟结果显示，随着装药不耦合系数的增大，花岗岩爆破损伤程度先增强后减弱。耦合装药下，爆生裂纹数量为9367；不耦合系数为1.2时，裂纹数量增加至最多，为24975；不耦合系数为2.0时，裂纹数量减少为292。对比耦合装药和不耦合系数为1.4时的花岗岩损伤模式发现，爆生气体的准静态压力对爆生裂纹的扩展具有重要作用。根据不同不耦合系数下的爆生裂纹数量，建立了不耦合系数大于或等于1.2时的岩石爆破损伤程度预测模型，拟合度达0.9808。该预测模型对爆破施工设计等工作具有一定的参考意义。
- 花岗岩 /
- 不耦合系数 /
- 爆炸损伤 /
- 裂纹 /
- 颗粒流模拟
Abstract: In order to study the effect of charge decoupling coefficients on the extent of granite blasting damage, a particle flow code (PFC) blasting simulation method with mixed “dynamic” and “quasi-static” loads is proposed based on the joint action of blast shock wave and detonation gas, and then the numerical simulation of granite blasting process under six decoupling coefficients was carried out. The results show that the extent of granite blasting damage increases and then decreases as the decoupling coefficients increases; the number of blasting induced cracks under coupled charge is 9367, which increases to 24975 when the decoupling coefficient is 1.2, and then decreases to 292 when the decoupling coefficient is 2.0. Comparing to the damage pattern under coupled charge, the extension distance of blasting induced crack is obviously shorter when the decoupling coefficient is 1.4, which indicates that the quasi-static pressure of blast gas plays an important role in crack extension. According to the number of blasting cracks, the prediction model of rock blasting damage under different decoupling coefficients greater than or equal to 1.2 was established, and the fitting degree reaches 0.9808. The prediction model presented in this paper is of certain reference significance for practical blasting design.
- granite /
- decoupling coefficient /
- explosion damage /
- crack /
- particle flow code

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图 1 PFC中动静荷载共同施加原理

Figure 1. Sketch of dynamic and quasi-static loads application in PFC

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图 2 炮孔压力时程曲线

Figure 2. Curve of borehole pressure-time history

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图 3 PFC岩体数值模型

Figure 3. Numerical model of rock mass in PFC

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图 4 平行黏结模型的基本结构

Figure 4. Structure of parallel bond model

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图 5 数值模拟结果与室内实验^[20]结果对比

Figure 5. Comparison between numerical and experimental results^[20]

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图 6 爆炸冲击应力对孔壁的压力随不耦合系数的变化

Figure 6. Curve of the pressure on blasthole wall under explosion stress with different decoupling coefficients

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图 7 爆生气体对孔壁的压力随不耦合系数的变化

Figure 7. Curve of the pressure on blasthole wall under detonation gas stress with different decoupling coefficients

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图 8 炮孔压力时程曲线

Figure 8. Curves of blasthole pressure-time history

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图 9 $\zeta $=1.4时炮孔压力曲线

Figure 9. Curve of blasthole pressure ($\zeta $=1.4)

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图 10 $\zeta $=1.4时爆生裂纹的扩展过程

Figure 10. Propagation of blasting induced cracks ($\zeta $=1.4)

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图 11 不同不耦合系数下花岗岩的爆破损伤情况

Figure 11. Blasting induced damage of rock mass under different decoupling coefficients

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图 12 爆生裂纹数随不耦合系数的变化曲线

Figure 12. Number of blasting induced crack vs. decoupling coefficient

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图 13 指数拟合结果

Figure 13. Exponential fitting result

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表 1 主要细观参数

Table 1. Main microscopic parameters

Linear contact parameters
R_min/m	R_max/R_min	${\bar E{_{\rm l}} }$/GPa	${\bar k{_{\text{n} }} }$/${\bar k{_{\text{s}} } }$	${\mu {_{\text{c} }} }$
0.028	1.66	45	2.5	1.0

Parallel bond parameters
${\bar \sigma {_{\text{n} }} }$/MPa	${\bar \sigma {_{\text{s} } }}$/MPa	${\bar E{_{\rm p}} }$/GPa	${\bar K{_{\text{n} } } }$/${\bar K{_{\text{s} } } }$	${\varphi {_{\text{c} } } }$/(°)
72	150	45	2.5	30

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表 2 试样的主要力学参数

Table 2. Main mechanical parameters of the sample

Method	${E{_{\text{t} } } }$/GPa	${\sigma {_{\text{t} } } }$/MPa	${v{_{\text{t} } } }$	$\,\rho $/(kg·m⁻³)
Experiment	21.4 – 63.7	137.7 – 163.8	0.23 – 0.26	2650 – 2740
Numerical simulation	27.2	150.93	0.24	2700

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表 3 不同不耦合系数对应的炮孔半径

Table 3. Blasthole radius vs. decoupling coefficient

$\zeta $	r_p	$\zeta $	r_p
1.0	0.060	1.6	0.096
1.2	0.072	1.8	0.108
1.4	0.084	2.0	0.120

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