弹头形状对刚性动能弹丸垂直穿透钢板的影响

孙炜海; 鞠桂玲; 张超群; 雷冠雄

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2017.05.007

弹头形状对刚性动能弹丸垂直穿透钢板的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.05.007

1.
装甲兵工程学院机械工程系，北京 100072
2.
装甲兵工程学院基础部，北京 100072

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年基金 11202242

详细信息

作者简介:
孙炜海(1982—)，男，博士，讲师，主要从事冲击动力学研究.E-mail:weihai_sun@163.com

中图分类号: O347.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-11-20
- 修回日期: 2016-12-20

Influences of Projectile Nose Shape on the Normal Perforation of Steel Plates by Rigid Projectiles

1.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Academy of Armored Force Engineering, Beijing 100072, China
2.
Department of Fundamental Courses, Academy of Armored Force Engineering, Beijing 100072, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究弹头形状对穿甲性能的影响，对直径20 mm的刚性动能弹丸垂直穿透12 mm厚度的Weldox 460E钢板进行了数值模拟。保持弹丸的质量和直径不变，锥头弹丸的锥角θ变化范围为10°~180°，卵头弹丸的曲径比ψ变化范围为0.5~4.0，考虑摩擦效应，研究了177~500 m/s速度范围内弹头形状的变化对靶板弹道性能与破坏模式的影响。研究结果表明：锥头弹丸的锥角变化对靶板的弹道极限速度有明显影响，当锥角增加到大于临界锥角时，靶板的破坏模式从延性扩孔破坏转变为冲塞破坏；ψ ≥3.0时，卵头弹丸的曲径比变化对靶板的弹道极限速度有明显影响，ψ ≥1.0时，靶板的破坏模式均为延性扩孔破坏；弹头的尖锐程度越大，摩擦效应的影响越大。
- 钢板 /
- 弹道极限 /
- 破坏模式 /
- 弹头形状 /
- 抵抗应力
Abstract: Numerical simulations were carried out to study the perforation of 12 mm thick Weldox 460E steel targets subjected to impact by 20 mm diameter rigid projectiles.Assuming the same mass, the cone angle of the conical-nosed projectile varied ranging from 10° to 180° and the caliber radius head of the ogive-nosed projectile varied from 0.5 to 4.0.The analysis was focused on the influence of the projectile nose shape on the ballistic limit and the failure mechanism, with the effect of the friction between the projectile and the target also taken into consideration.The results show that the cone angle of the conical-nosed projectile exerts significant effect on the ballistic limit.An increase in the projectile cone angle changes the failure mechanism of the target from ductile hole enlargement to shearing plugging.The caliber radius head of the ogive-nosed projectile exerts significant effect on the ballistic limit for ψ≥3.0, and the plate is perforated through the ductile hole enlargement mechanism with ψ≥1.0.The influence of the friction increases with the increase of the sharpness of the projectile nose.
- steel plates /
- ballistic limit /
- failure modes /
- projectile nose shape /
- resisting stress

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图 1 弹的几何形状

Figure 1. Geometry of the projectiles

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图 2 二维轴对称数值模型(θ=90°)

Figure 2. Axi-symmetric mesh configuration (θ=90°)

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图 3 残余速度的计算结果与实验数据的比较^{[2, 14]}

Figure 3. Comparison of the present numerical simulations with the experimental results for residual velocities^{[2, 14]}

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图 4 弹道极限随锥角的变化

Figure 4. Variation of ballistic limit with cone angle

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图 5 靶板在不同锥角弹丸撞击下的破坏模式

Figure 5. Failure modes of the steel target impacted by the projectile with different cone angles

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图 6 弹道极限随曲径比的变化

Figure 6. Variation of ballistic limit with ψ

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图 7 靶板在卵头弹丸撞击下的破坏模式

Figure 7. Failure modes of target impacted by ogive-nosed projectiles

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图 8 弹丸穿透时的摩擦效应

Figure 8. Effect of friction in the perforation by the projectiles

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图 9 破坏模式转化的临界情况

Figure 9. Transition of failure modes

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图 10 等效应力云图(θ=90°, t=100 μs)

Figure 10. Fringes of equivalent stress (θ=90°, t=100 μs)

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图 11 锥头弹的加速度-时间曲线(θ=90°, v_s=290 m/s)

Figure 11. Deceleration-time history for a conical-nosed projectile (θ=90°, v_s=290 m/s)

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表 1 Weldox 460E钢的材料参数^[13]

Table 1. Material parameters for Weldox 460E steel target^[13]

E/(GPa)	ν	ρ_t/(kg/m³)	A/(MPa)	B/(MPa)	n	$ {{\dot \varepsilon }_0} $/(s^-1)	C	m
200	0.33	7 850	490	383	0.45	5×10^-4	0.012 3	0.94

G/(GPa)	T_m/(K)	T_r/(K)	c_p/[J/(kg·K)]	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
75.2	1 800	293	452	0.070 5	1.732	-0.54	0.0	0.0

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