喷管长度对直筒型激光推力器推进性能的影响

李龙; 王波; 唐志平; 胡晓军

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2014.02.009

喷管长度对直筒型激光推力器推进性能的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2014.02.009

李龙^1,,
王波^{1, 2},
唐志平¹,
胡晓军¹

1.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系，安徽合肥 230027
2.
中国工程物理研究院，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11302221)

详细信息

作者简介:
李龙(1985—), 男，博士研究生，主要从事激光推进研究.E-mail:jllong@mail.ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O39;V439.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-03-19
- 修回日期: 2012-07-08

Effect of Nozzle Length on the Propulsion Performance of a Cylindrical Thruster

1.
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
2.
China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China

摘要

摘要: “烧蚀模式”激光推进是利用强激光烧蚀推力器自身携带的工质产生的高温高压气团反喷进行驱动的，推力器的喷管构型对推进性能有重要影响。鉴于此，从实验和数值模拟两个方面研究了喷管长度对直筒型激光推力器推进性能的影响。实验发现，衡量推进性能的2个主要参数冲量耦合系数和比冲均随着喷管长度的增加而增加，不过前者的增长呈渐缓趋势。综合考虑推进参数和推力器自重的影响，导出了推力器获得最大单脉冲速度增量(Δv_T)的最佳喷管长度公式。数值模拟得到的不同喷管长度推力器推进参数的变化规律与实验结果基本吻合：若喷管长度过短，则高压气体未能充分作用于推力器就被排出筒外，造成了能量的浪费；若喷管长度过长，筒内压力的衰减则成为影响推进性能的主要因素，从而解释了直筒型推力器的推进性能的增长趋势随喷管长度增加而逐渐趋缓的原因。
- 激光推进 /
- 烧蚀模式 /
- 直筒型推力器 /
- 喷管长度
Abstract: "Ablation mode" laser propulsion works on the counterforce generated during the interaction between high-power laser and propellant carried by thruster.The structural geometry of the nozzle of "ablation mode" laser propulsion thruster has important influence on the propulsion performance.The effect of nozzle length L on propulsion performance was carried out by experiment and numerical simulation.Experimental results indicate that both the momentum coupling coefficient and the specific impulse increase as L increases, but the increasing tendency of momentum coupling coefficient slows down with the increase of L.Considering the effects of both propulsion parameters and weight of thruster, the formula of optimal length of nozzle is derived with the largest velocity increment of the thruster.The thrust-time curves and impulse-time curves are obtained by numerical study using software FLUENT.The simulation results agree with the experimental results.
- laser propulsion /
- ablation mode /
- cylindrical thruster /
- length of nozzle

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图 1 实验原理示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of experimental setup

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图 2 激光脉冲波形

Figure 2. Laser pulse waveform

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图 3 推力器构型示意图

Figure 3. Geometry of thrusters

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图 4 不同喷管长度推力器的推进性能

Figure 4. Propulsion performance of thrusters with different lengths

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图 5 不同喷管长度推力器的单脉冲速度增量

Figure 5. The Δv_T value of thrusters with different lengths

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图 6 推力器建模示意图

Figure 6. Schematic of model

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图 7 推力时间曲线

Figure 7. The thrust-time curves

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图 8 冲量时间曲线

Figure 8. The impulse-time curves

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图 9 仿真结果与实验结果的对比

Figure 9. Simulation results versus experimental data

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图 10 10 μs时的压力等值线图

Figure 10. Pressure contours at 10 μs

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图 11 40 μs时的压力等值线图

Figure 11. Pressure contours at 40 μs

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图 12 60 μs时的压力等值线图

Figure 12. Pressure contours at 60 μs

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