岩石材料冲击开坑行为研究

伍杨; 张先锋; 徐晨阳; 王舒; 覃彬

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2017.05.014

岩石材料冲击开坑行为研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.05.014

伍杨^{1, 2,},
张先锋³,
徐晨阳³,
王舒^{1, 2},
覃彬^{1, 2}

1.
瞬态冲击技术重点实验室，北京 102202
2.
中国兵器工业第二〇八研究所，北京 102202
3.
南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094

基金项目:

装备发展部预研基金 6142606010103

详细信息

作者简介:
伍杨(1990—)，男，硕士，工程师，主要从事冲击动力学防护毁伤性能研究.E-mail:vandrew@163.com

中图分类号: O383
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-01-15
- 修回日期: 2017-03-25

Deformation of Rock Material Target under High Velocity Impact

WU Yang^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Xian-Feng³,
XU Chen-Yang³,
WANG Shu^{1, 2},
QIN Bin^{1, 2}

1.
Science and Technology on Transient Impact Laboratory, Beijing 102202, China
2.
No.208 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industries, Beijing 102202, China
3.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

摘要

摘要: 岩石材料的含孔隙、含水等细观特性对其宏观动力学性能有十分重要的影响，进而影响岩石材料的冲击开坑等动力学行为。采用实验研究和数值仿真分析相结合的方法，围绕含水岩石和干燥岩石的动态力学性能，研究岩石材料的冲击飞溅特性和成坑形态。基于高速破片发射平台，开展岩石材料的冲击开坑实验，分析对比含水岩石和干燥岩石在高速冲击下的开坑效应，以及冲击后成坑形态和喷溅效果。基于实验结果，进行了高速冲击开坑数值模拟研究。研究结果表明：在高速冲击开坑中，含水岩石的坑深小于干燥岩石，其形成的圆锥角度和喷溅速度均大于干燥岩石；岩石的细观特性可以很好地反映宏观力学响应，水的存在弱化了孔隙的作用，对岩石材料的动态力学性能有显著的影响。
- 冲击动力学 /
- 岩石材料 /
- 冲击开坑 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Porosity and water content are typical properties that have a significant influence on the macroscopic dynamic behavior of rock materials, which further on affect the cratering behavior under high velocity impact.This paper was focused on the impact cratering morphology and studied the characteristics of dry and wet rock materials by conducting numerical and the high velocity impact experiments.Based on the hypervelocity fragment acceleration platform, experimental studies on the impact cratering of rock materials were performed using numerical simulation, and comparative analysis of the cratering effect, cratering morphology and characteristics of the dry and wet rocks was presented.The results indicate that, in high-velocity cratering, the target of dry sandstone leads to smaller crater sizes compared with those of the water-saturated target.The transient crater reaches a larger diameter in the water saturated sandstone.The water within the pore space reduces the porosity and counteracts this process, which influences the impact cratering of rock materials.
- impact dynamics /
- rock materials /
- hypervelocity cratering /
- numerical simulation

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图 1 高速开坑实验布局示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of hypervelocity impact cratering experiment

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图 2 岩石试样

Figure 2. Sandstone specimen

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图 3 不同时间步干燥岩石在弹丸高速冲击下的喷溅形态

Figure 3. Evolution of ejection for dry sandstone at different time steps

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图 4 不同时间步含水岩石在弹丸高速冲击下的喷溅形态

Figure 4. Evolution of ejection for wet sandstone at different time steps

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图 5 含水黄砂岩高速开坑实验结果

Figure 5. Result of impact cartering of wet sandstone

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图 6 干燥黄砂岩(3号)高速开坑实验结果

Figure 6. Results of impact cratering of dry sandstones (No.3) at high speed

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图 7 干燥黄砂岩(2号)高速开坑实验结果

Figure 7. Results of impact cratering of dry sandstones (No.2) at high speed

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图 8 Hoerth实验^[15] (上)和数值仿真(下)不同时刻喷溅对比图

Figure 8. Comparison of the evolution of ejection for experiment^[15] (upper) and simulation (lower) at different times

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图 9 干燥岩石实验(上)与仿真(下)不同时刻喷溅对比图

Figure 9. Comparison of the evolution of ejection for experiment (upper) and simulation (lower) at different times

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图 10 Hoerth实验^[15] (a、b)和数值仿真(c、d)及干燥(a、c)和含水(b、d)岩石不同情况下的喷溅对比图

Figure 10. Comparison of the evolution of ejection for dry (a), (c) and wet (b), (d) sandstone at different times

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图 11 干燥岩石(a)和含水岩石(b)开坑对比

Figure 11. Comparison of cratering for dry (a) and wet (b) sandstones

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表 1 岩石高速冲击开坑实验条件

Table 1. Sandstone sample data and experimental scheme

No.	Type	Water saturation/(%)	m₁/(kg)	m₂/(g)	d₀/(mm)
1	Wet	45	63.15	2.08	8
2	Dry		62.05	2.09	8
3	Dry		61.70	2.09	8

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表 2 高速开坑实验结果

Table 2. Impact cratering test results

No.	Type	Water saturation/(%)	V/(m/s)	d/(mm)	D/(mm)	d/D
1	Wet	45	2 727	25.34	105.60	0.24
2	Dry		2 260	23.72	121.08	0.19
3	Dry		2 652	27.86	112.78	0.25

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表 3 数值模拟方案参数

Table 3. Data of numerical simulation

No.	Type	Porosity/(%)	Water saturation/(%)	d₀/(mm)	V/(km/s)
1	Dry	20		12	4.6
2	Wet	20	50	12	4.6
3	Dry	20		8	2.6
4	Wet	20	50	8	2.6

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表 4 开坑数值计算材料参数^[14]

Table 4. Material parameters for numerical simulation^[14]

Material	Porosity/(%)	ρ/(g/cm³)	s	c/(km/s)	γ
Steel		7.75	1.49	4.57	2.17
Dry sandstone	20	2.24	1.51	2.06	0.9
Wet sandstone	20	2.40	1.68	2.26	0.9

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表 5 成坑参数的数值模拟结果

Table 5. Result of numerical simulation

No.	Type	Water saturation/(%)	d₀/(mm)	V/(km/s)	d^*/(mm)	d/(mm)	D^*/(mm)	D/(mm)
1	Dry		12	4.6	68.0	77.5	366	324
2	Wet	50	12	4.6	59.6	71.8	338	301
3	Dry		8	2.6	28.8	37.7	123	112
4	Wet	50	8	2.6	25.3	34.5	106	98

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