Criterion of Plate Structure Damage Caused by Underwater Explosion Shock Wave Based on Effective Impulse
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摘要: 为了准确评估水下爆炸冲击波对平板结构造成的毁伤效果，提出以有效冲量作为毁伤准则的威力参量类别，并给出了考虑球面波斜入射效应的平板结构有效冲量计算方法。新准则通过动量守恒方程计算得到的平板结构实际获得冲量对比毁伤效果，表现为冲击波峰压、时间常数以及板结构特征参数的联合形式。借助数值模拟与文献数据，对比分析了准则的准确度和适用性。结果表明：相对于冲击波峰压、比冲量、能流密度等单一威力参量，新毁伤准则在评估平板结构的毁伤程度时误差更小；在对比不同炸药毁伤威力以及预估未知工况毁伤效果两种应用场景中，新准则的相对误差均在10%以内。新提出的毁伤准则用于对比和评估水下爆炸冲击波对板结构的毁伤效果时具有良好的通用性。Abstract: In order to accurately evaluate damage effect of underwater explosion shock wave on flat plate structure, the power parameter category with the effective impulse as the damage criterion is proposed, and a correction method considering the oblique incidence effect of the spherical wave is given. The new criterion compares the damage effect by the actual impulse of the plate structure, which is calculated by the momentum conservation equation. The new criterion is expressed in the joint form of peak pressure of shock wave, time constant and characteristic parameters of plate structure. With the help of simulation and literature data, the accuracy and applicability of the criteria are compared and analyzed. The results show that the new damage criterion has less error in evaluating the damage degree of flat plate structure, compared with single power parameters such as peak pressure of shock wave, specific impulse and energy flux density. In comparing the damage power of different explosives and predicting the damage effect under unknown conditions, the relative error of the new criterion is within 10%. The proposed damage criterion has good versatility when used to compare and evaluate the damage effect of underwater explosion shock wave on plate structure.
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Key words:
- underwater explosion /
- shock wave /
- damage criterion /
- flat plate structure /
- effective impulse
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图 6 不同准则与结构变形挠度的对应关系
Figure 6. Corresponding relations between different criteria and deflection
图 8 斜入射修正前、后线性相关性对比
Figure 8. Comparison of linear correlation before and after oblique incidence correction
表 1 数值模拟计算材料模型
Table 1. Material model in numerical simulation
Material EOS Strength model Failure model TNT-2 JWL Air Ideal gas Water Shock Hydro Q235 steel Linear Johnson-Cook Johnson-Cook 
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表 2 冲击波冲量与时间常数数值模拟结果验证
Table 2. Verification of simulation results of shock wave impulse and time constant
Standoff
distance/mW/g Time decay constants Impulse Numerical
simulation/msEmpirical
formula/msRelative
error/%Numerical
simulation/(kPa·s)Empirical
formula/(kPa·s)Relative
error/%0.4 50 0.0300 0.0315 −4.87 1.976 1.969 0.35 0.5 50 0.0319 0.0332 −4.06 1.607 1.614 −0.45 0.6 50 0.0349 0.0346 0.91 1.369 1.372 −0.26
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表 3 冲击波作用下圆板的变形挠度
Table 3. Deflection of circular plate under shock wave
D $\omega $/mm W=50 g W=100 g W=200 g W=400 g W=800 g 10 59.52 71.98 85.32 99.22 113.90 16 40.85 47.53 54.85 62.84 71.83 20 32.46 37.73 43.40 49.92 57.24 26 24.24 28.13 32.77 37.82 43.60 30 20.29 23.75 27.86 32.39 37.54
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表 4 炸药的相关系数 α,
$k $ Table 4. Coefficients α,
$k $ for explosivesExplosive type ${\alpha {_p}}$ ${k{_p}}$ ${\alpha {_\theta }}$ ${k{_\theta }}$ TNT 1.13 52.4 −0.23 0.084 H-6 1.19 59.2 −0.28 0.088 Pentolite 1.14 56.5 −0.23 0.084
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表 5 不同工况下结构变形挠度计算误差对比
Table 5. Comparison of calculation errors of deflection under different working conditions
CI,plate Explosive W/g Standoff distance/m $\omega $/mm Relative error of the same explosive/% Relative error with TNT/% 1.0 TNT 200 0.749 3.53 3.68 TNT 400 1.039 3.66 3.68 H-6 200 0.849 3.61 3.05 −1.95 H-6 400 1.166 3.72 3.05 −1.95 Pentolite 200 0.806 3.34 3.29 5.56 Pentolite 400 1.114 3.45 3.29 5.56 1.6 TNT 200 0.452 6.00 0.67 TNT 400 0.647 6.04 0.67 H-6 200 0.530 6.16 −1.79 −1.14 H-6 400 0.745 6.05 −1.79 −1.14 Pentolite 200 0.493 5.91 −2.71 3.16 Pentolite 400 0.699 5.75 −2.71 3.16
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表 6 3种工况下的结构变形挠度
Table 6. Deflections under three working conditions
Standoff distance/m $\omega $/mm W/kg 2.131 49.68 1 1.705 90.86 1 1.421 120.30 1
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表 7 平板结构变形挠度预测值与实验结果的对比
Table 7. Comparison between predicted and experimental values of deflection
W/kg Standoff distance/m $\omega $/mm Predicted deflection/mm Prediction error/% 1 1.136 149.94 160.26 6.88 1 0.710 243.81 222.24 −8.85
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