Blast Resistant Performance of Steel/POZD Composite Structures under Close-Range Air Blast Loading
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摘要: 为研究钢板/聚异氰氨酸酯噁唑烷（polyisocyanate oxazodone，POZD）聚合物高分子材料复合结构在近距空爆载荷下的抗爆性能，开展了近距空爆试验，通过观察试验模型的损伤以及相关数据统计，分析了钢板/POZD复合结构的变形失效模式。采用LS-DYNA软件进行数值模拟，通过与试验结果进行对比，验证了数值模拟方法的准确性，并进一步分析了钢板/POZD复合结构跨中位移变化和能量吸收特性。结果表明：在相同钢板厚度下，钢板/POZD复合结构较单一钢板具有更优越的抗爆性能，钢板呈现出3种不同的变形失效模式；在钢板/POZD复合结构中，当钢板和POZD均未出现破口时，钢板的塑性应变能占总能量吸收的大部分；钢板/POZD复合结构中心点最大位移逐渐增大，且变形速度先升高后降低。研究结果可为工程中钢板/POZD复合结构的抗爆防护设计提供参考。Abstract: To study the improvement mechanism of polyisocyanate oxazodone (POZD) on the blast resistance of steel plate, and analyze the dynamic response of steel/POZD composite structure, close-range air blast tests and finite element numerical simulations were conducted. Deformation failure modes of steel/POZD composite structures were studied and analyzed by observing the damage of tested structures and dealing with related date statistics. The accuracy of numerical simulation method was verified by comparing the results of numerical simulations with those of tests. The mid-span displacement change and energy absorption characteristics of steel/POZD composite structures were analyzed. Results show that steel/POZD composite structures have better blast resistant performance than single steel plates. Steel plates exhibit three different deformation failure modes. In the case of a steel/POZD composite structure with no crevasse, the plastic strain energy of steel layer gives a most contribution to the total energy absorption. The maximum central displacement of steel/POZD composite structure gradually increases, and meanwhile, its deformation velocity first increases and then decreases. The research results can provide references for the anti-explosion protection design of steel/POZD composite structures in engineering field.
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图 1 (a) 钢板平面布置（单位：mm）， (b) 复合板结构配置
Figure 1. (a) Steel plate arrangement (Unit: mm), (b) structural configuration of composite plates
图 4 钢板/POZD复合结构网格视图
Figure 4. Grid view of finite element model for steel/POZD composite structure
图 6 工况S-1与工况SP-1的损伤形态比较
Figure 6. Comparison of damage morphology of cases S-1 and SP-1
图 7 工况S-2与工况SP-2损伤形态比较
Figure 7. Comparison of damage morphology of plates for cases S-2 and SP-2
图 8 POZD涂覆复合钢板中的应力波传播
Figure 8. Stress wave propagation in POZD coated composite steel plates
图 10 背面涂覆12mm厚POZD涂层时钢板的变形
Figure 10. Deformation of steel plates coated with 12 mm-thick POZD coating on the backside
图 11 数值模拟得到的4种工况的钢板跨中位移时程曲线
Figure 11. Time-history curves of steel plate mid-span displacement in four cases by simulation
图 12 数值模拟得到的工况SP-1和工况SP-2能量吸收时程曲线
Figure 12. Time-history curves of energy absorption in cases SP-1 and SP-2 by simulation
图 13 数值模拟得到的各工况下钢板与POZD的能量吸收对比
Figure 13. Comparison of energy absorption between steel plate and POZD under different conditions by simulation
表 1 POZD和普通聚脲材料的力学性能
Table 1. Mechanical properties of POZD and ordinary polyurea
Materials Density/
(g·cm−3)Tensile strength/
MPaElastic modulus/
GPaPoisson’s ratio Adhesion (steel plate)/
MPaPOZD 1.02 ≥25 230 0.3 ≥8 Ordinary polyurea 1.02 16 213 0.3 6 
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表 2 试验工况
Table 2. Test conditions
Case no. Plates Explosive POZD TNT mass/g R/mm Thickness/mm Coating position S-1 Steel plates 500 200 0 S-2 Steel plates 500 350 0 SP-1 Steel/POZD plates 500 200 12 Back SP-2 Steel/POZD plates 500 350 8 Back
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E/GPa ρ/(kg·m−3) ν σ0/MPa Et/MPa C/s−1 P Fs 210 7850 0.3 235 250 40.4 5 0.28
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e/(MJ·kg−1) A/GPa B/GPa R1 R2 ω 6.74 371.2 3.231 4.15 0.95 0.3
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表 5 4种工况的破口尺寸和跨中最大位移
Table 5. Break size and maximum displacement in the middle of the four test conditions
Case No. R/mm Thickness/mm Failure mode Break size/
(mm×mm)ymax/mm Steel POZD S-1 200 4 Petalling 330×290 S-2 350 4 Mode Ⅱ*c 90×10 SP-1 200 4 12 Mode Ⅰ 70 SP-2 350 4 8 Mode Ⅰ 65
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