玻璃纤维/环氧乙烯基酯树脂复合材料的湿热老化力学性能

玻璃纤维/环氧乙烯基酯树脂复合材料的湿热老化力学性能

Effect of Hygrothermal Aging on Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Epoxy VER Composites

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220641

作者简介:
柏　慧（1994-），女，博士，工程师，主要从事压力容器和管道结构的完整性及安全性研究.E-mail：baihui_118570@baosteel.com

柏慧; 惠虎; 杨宇清

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20220641

1.
上海宝钢包装股份有限公司, 上海　200940
2.
华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院, 上海　200237
3.
上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院, 上海　200062

基金项目: 上海市市场监督管理局科研项目（2019-28）

详细信息

中图分类号: O347
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-16
- 修回日期: 2022-09-21
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-05

Temperature/℃

Number of shear specimens

Number of bend specimens

Temperature/℃

Number of shear specimens

Number of bend specimens

1.
Shanghai Baosteel Packaging Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200940, China
2.
School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
3.
Shanghai Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai 200062, China

摘要

摘要: 为掌握玻璃纤维/环氧乙烯基酯树脂复合材料经湿热老化后的力学性能，采用真空辅助注射成型技术，制作玻璃纤维/环氧乙烯基酯树脂复合材料层合板，并根据复合材料压力容器在服役过程中的受力特点，利用水切割技术将层合板制成弯曲和剪切试样。考虑到压力容器的使用工况，对试样进行浸泡加速老化试验，分析了在不同温度和周期下复合材料的质量和力学性能变化。结果表明，随着浸泡时间的增加，复合材料的弯曲和剪切性能逐渐降低。相比于浸泡时间的影响，温度对复合材料性能的影响更显著，如在90 ℃水中浸泡6周后，复合材料的剪切强度、弯曲强度以及弯曲模量降为初始值的1/2。
- 玻璃纤维/环氧乙烯基酯树脂 /
- 水浸泡 /
- 老化 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: In this paper, the mechanical properties of glass fiber/epoxy vinyl ester resin (GF/epoxy VER) composite after hygrothermal aging were studied. The GF/epoxy VER composites laminates were fabricated by vacuum assisted injection molding technology. According to the stress characteristics of composite pressure vessels during service, bending and shearing samples were made by water cutting technology. Considering the working environment of pressure vessel, accelerated aging tests were carried out on the samples soaked in water to analyze the changes of the mass and mechanical properties of the composites at different temperatures and periods. Results show that bending and shear properties of composite materials decrease with the increase of water immersion time. The effect of temperature on the properties of composites is more significant than that of soaking time. If immersed in 90 ℃ water for 6 weeks, the shear strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the composite are reduced to half of the initial value.
- glass fiber/epoxy vinyl ester resin /
- water immersion /
- aging /
- mechanical properties

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图 1 真空辅助注射成型示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of vacuum assisted injection molding

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图 2 弯曲性能测试及夹具

Figure 2. Bending performance testing and fixture

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图 3 层合板在不同温度下的吸水率曲线

Figure 3. Water absorption rate curves of laminates at different temperatures

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图 4 不同温度和老化时间条件下弯曲试验得到的力-位移曲线

Figure 4. Force-displacement curves obtained from bending tests at different temperatures and aging time

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图 5 复合材料在不同温度和老化时间下的弯曲强度(a)和弯曲模量(b)

Figure 5. Bending strength (a) and bending modulus (b) of composites at different temperatures and aging time

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图 6 不同温度和老化时间下剪切试验得到的力-位移曲线

Figure 6. Force-displacement curves obtained from shear tests at different temperatures and aging time

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图 7 复合材料在不同温度和老化时间下的剪切强度和剪切强度增长率

Figure 7. Shear strength and its change rate of composites at different temperatures and aging time

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表 1 湿热老化试验方案

Table 1. Wet heat aging test program

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表 2 复合材料在不同温度下的吸水参数

Table 2. Water absorption parameters of composites at different temperatures

Temperature/℃	${\omega }{_{\mathrm{s} } }$/%	A/(10⁻⁶ mm²·s⁻¹)	D/(10⁻³ mm²·s⁻¹)	S/10⁻³
25	0.72	2.06	1.17	2.41
50	0.81	2.31	1.43	3.30
75	0.95	2.71	1.92	5.20
90	1.20	3.43	2.00	6.86

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表 3 复合材料在不同温度和老化时间下的弯曲力学性能

Table 3. Bending mechanical properties of composites at different temperatures and aging time

Temperature/℃	Bending strength/MPa
Temperature/℃	Unaged	1 week	2 weeks	3 weeks	4 weeks	5 weeks	6 weeks
20	663.21±35.76	573.19±5.62	564.99±11.01	546.40±20.46	537.47±17.57	531.71±4.20	497.96±44.22
50	663.21±35.76	568.40±48.72	557.23±32.80	530.29±29.27	527.81±23.14	522.56±38.24	480.33±26.20
75	663.21±35.76	524.70±23.80	474.84±23.54	446.91±48.68	403.94±56.79	400.68±20.07	383.33±7.14
90	663.21±35.76	434.02±38.77	387.33±15.31	367.55±0.93	366.35±6.06	326.88±4.28	276.05±24.52

Temperature/℃	Bending modulus/GPa
Temperature/℃	Unaged	1 week	2 weeks	3 weeks	4 weeks	5 weeks	6 weeks
20	14.32±0.71	14.00±0.92	13.54±0.40	13.11±0.66	13.14±0.59	12.98±0.97	12.08±1.28
50	14.32±0.71	13.71±0.27	12.91±0.53	12.92±1.37	12.61±0.30	12.47±0.83	10.64±0.71
75	14.32±0.71	13.45±0.22	11.80±0.06	11.67±1.11	11.42±0.49	11.33±0.44	9.86±0.40
90	14.32±0.71	10.89±1.14	10.00±1.39	9.30±1.69	7.96±0.44	7.24±1.42	5.34±3.52

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表 4 复合材料在不同温度和老化时间下的剪切力学性能

Table 4. Shear mechanical properties of composites at different temperatures and aging time

Temperature/℃	Shear strength/MPa
Temperature/℃	Unaged	1 week	2 weeks	3 weeks	4 weeks	5 weeks	6 weeks
20	32.50±1.32	30.00±6.42	28.19±1.14	27.28±2.21	26.69±0.11	24.73±1.75	22.23±1.45
50	32.50±1.32	29.78±2.87	28.06±1.49	26.59±0.31	26.52±3.14	22.46±1.74	20.59±2.80
75	32.50±1.32	28.00±6.34	27.92±1.29	26.73±3.48	26.35±1.91	24.21±0.96	18.31±6.01
90	32.50±1.32	27.46±1.30	24.49±0.07	24.01±1.32	21.80±0.57	19.87±2.53	13.95±5.75

Temperature/℃	Shear strength change rate/%
Temperature/℃	Unaged	1 week	2 weeks	3 weeks	4 weeks	5 weeks	6 weeks
20	0	−7.69±0.21	−13.26±0.04	−16.06±0.07	−17.88±0.00	−23.91±0.06	−31.60±0.05
50	0	−8.37±0.09	−13.66±0.10	−18.18±0.06	−18.40±0.05	−30.89±0.10	−36.65±0.06
75	0	−13.85±0.20	−14.09±0.04	−17.75±0.11	−18.92±0.03	−25.51±0.03	−43.66±0.19
90	0	15.51±0.04	−24.65±0.02	−26.12±0.04	−32.92±0.02	−38.86±0.08	−57.08±0.18

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