Research on parameter optimization of corrugated Whipple protective structure under hypervelocity impact

The geometric configuration of corrugated Whipple shields significantly influences their protective capability against hypervelocity impacts. To optimize the performance of corrugated Whipple shield structures under hypervelocity impact conditions, an integrated optimization method combining the finite element-smoothed particle hydrodynamics (FE-SPH) coupled algorithm with orthogonal experimental design was proposed. A reliable numerical simulation model was established, and the Z-axis momentum density was introduced as an evaluation index for protective performance. The effects of three geometric parameters-corrugation thickness, span, and angle-on the shielding effectiveness were systematically investigated. Orthogonal test results indicated that the order of influence of these factors was: thickness > angle > span. Further two-factor refined experiments were conducted, and a quadratic polynomial model was developed to identify the optimal combination of geometric parameters. The optimized configuration improved the protective performance by 33.72% compared to a flat panel. The study confirms that the optimized corrugated structure effectively promotes projectile fragmentation and debris cloud dispersion, facilitating three-dimensional redistribution of momentum, thereby significantly enhancing the shield's protective performance. This research provides a theoretical basis and a parameter optimization pathway for the design of spacecraft protective structures.