三元氢化物(Th,Y)H<sub>10</sub>的合成及超导电性

宋晓旭; 郝晓宽; 牛景雨; 高国英; 田永君

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20251268

三元氢化物(Th,Y)H₁₀的合成及超导电性

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251268

宋晓旭^{1, 2,},
郝晓宽^{1, 2},
牛景雨^{1, 2},
高国英^{1, 2,*, ,},
田永君^{1, 2}

1.
燕山大学亚稳材料全国重点实验室, 河北秦皇岛　066000
2.
燕山大学材料科学与工程学院, 河北秦皇岛　066000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52372261，52288102）；河北省自然科学基金（E2024203045）；河北省科技计划项目（225A1102D）；国家重点研发计划（2022YFA1402300）

详细信息

作者简介:
宋晓旭（1996－），男，博士研究生，主要从事新型亚稳材料的理论设计与实验合成研究. E-mail：songxiaoxu@stumail.ysu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
高国英（1981－），女，博士，教授，主要从事新型亚稳材料的理论设计与实验合成研究. E-mail：gaoguoying@ysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O511.3; O521.2; O643.15
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-26
- 修回日期: 2025-12-28
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-01

Synthesis and Superconductivity of the Ternary Hydrides (Th,Y)H₁₀

SONG Xiaoxu^{1, 2
,},
HAO Xiaokuan^{1, 2},
NIU Jingyu^{1, 2},
GAO Guoying^{1, 2,*
, ,},
TIAN Yongjun^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China
2.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China

Funds: Young Scientists’ Forum

摘要

摘要: 近年来，氢基超导体在高压下实现的近室温超导引起了广泛关注，然而，大多数具有高超导转变温度（T_c）的氢化物需要在极高的压力下才能稳定，极大地限制了其应用潜力。为此，提出了在三元Th-Y-H体系中探索中等压力下获得高T_c超导体的可能性。利用金刚石对顶砧，结合原位激光加热技术，以钍（Th）、氢化钇（YH₃）和氨硼烷（NH₃BH₃）为前驱体，在高温高压条件下合成了Th-Y-H三元氢化物。结合同步辐射X射线衍射测量与理论研究结果，确定其主要产物为立方相的(Th,Y)H₁₀，其中Y的占比为10%～15%。电输运测量结果显示，相近压力下其T_c较ThH₁₀提升约10%，在144 GPa下样品的T_c最高可达184 K，且在降压至100 GPa时仍可达170 K，接近该压力下已知氢化物的最高T_c纪录。外加磁场下的测试进一步证实了超导的存在，并基于WHH模型和GL模型估算其上临界场分别为52和39 T。研究结果表明，Th-Y-H是具有优异超导性的三元超导材料体系，通过在二元体系中合理引入新的元素，可有效调控晶体稳定性和电子性质，为在中等压力甚至低压下探索高T_c超导氢化物提供了新的思路与实验依据。
- 三元氢化物 /
- 超导电性 /
- Th-Y-H体系 /
- 高压 /
- 超导转变温度
Abstract: Recent achieved superconductivity near room temperature, especially in hydrogen-based superconductors under high pressure, have attracted broad interest. However, most systems with high superconducting critical temperature (T_c) are only stable under extremely high pressures, which limits their practical applicability. This study proposes the possibility of obtaining high-T_c superconductors at moderate pressures within the ternary Th-Y-H system. The synthesis was carried out using Th, YH₃, and NH₃BH₃ as precursors under high pressure and high temperature, applied by diamond anvil cells combined with in-situ laser heating technology. Combining with the synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and theoretical studies, the main product was identified as Fm$ \overline{3} $m (Th,Y)H₁₀, with Y accounting for approximately 10%−15%. Electrical transport measurements reveal that its T_c increases by approximately 10%, compared to ThH₁₀ under similar pressure. At 144 GPa, the sample has a maximum T_c of 184 K, which remains at 170 K when decompressed to 100 GPa—approaching the highest level known for hydrides at this pressure. Measurements under an applied magnetic field further verify the superconductivity, with upper critical fields estimated at 52 and 39 T based on the WHH and GL models, respectively. These results indicate that the ternary Th-Y-H superconducting system is an outstanding candidate for high-T_c superconductors, and the crystal stability and electronic properties can be effectively controlled by reasonably introducing new element into the binary system. This work provides new insights and experimental evidences for exploring high-T_c superconducting hydrides under moderate or even low pressures.
- ternary hydrides /
- superconductivity /
- Th-Y-H system /
- high pressure /
- superconducting critical temperature

HTML全文

图 1 样品的XRD谱及Rietveld精修结果(a)、晶体结构(b)，以及样品HS1和样品LS2在降压过程的XRD谱(c)～(d)（标记“*”的峰来自未知杂质）

Figure 1. XRD patterns and Rietveld refinement results (a), crystal structure (b) and XRD patterns of samples HS1 (c) and LS2 (d) during decompression (The peaks marked with “*” are from the unknown impurity.)

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图 2 样品体积随压力的变化趋势（实心符号代表本工作的合成样品，空心符号代表文献[20]中的实验结果，虚线为理论计算的不同相的体积-压力曲线）

Figure 2. Pressure-dependence of volume per f. u. of samples (The solid symbols represent the samples synthesized in this work, the hollow symbols represent the experimental results from the Ref. [20], and the dashed lines are the volume-pressure curves of different phases calculated theoretically.)

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图 3 不同样品的电输运测量结果(a)～(c)以及样品在不同压力下的T_c变化趋势及其与二元体系的对比(d)（ (b)、(c)中的插图为样品在低于T_c温度下的电输运测量结果，(d)中的彩色符号为本实验测量结果，灰色符号为其他工作中二元体系的实验测量结果^{[3–4, 20, 32]}）

Figure 3. Electrical transport measurements for different samples (a)−(c), and the trend of the extracted T_c with pressure and comparison with binary systems (d) (The insets in (b) and (c) show electrical transport measurements of the samples below T_c. The colored symbols in (d) represent results measured in this experiment, and the gray symbols represent the results measured in other studies on binary systems^{[3–4, 20, 32]}.)

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图 4 样品LS1在0～12 T外加磁场下的电输运测量结果(a)以及通过WHH和GL方程拟合的上临界场(b)

Figure 4. Electrical transport measurements of sample LS1 under varied magnetic fields from 0 to 12 T (a) and estimated upper critical fields via WHH and GL models (b)

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