低温下301不锈钢的动态塑性变形机制研究

黄婷婷 王鹏飞 陈美多 詹骏岚 田杰 徐松林

黄婷婷, 王鹏飞, 陈美多, 詹骏岚, 田杰, 徐松林. 低温下301不锈钢的动态塑性变形机制研究[J]. 高压物理学报. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251246
引用本文: 黄婷婷, 王鹏飞, 陈美多, 詹骏岚, 田杰, 徐松林. 低温下301不锈钢的动态塑性变形机制研究[J]. 高压物理学报. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251246
HUANG Tingting, WANG Pengfei, CHEN Meiduo, ZHAN Junlan, TIAN Jie, XU Songlin. Dynamic Plastic Deformation Mechanism of 301 Stainless Steel at Low Temperatures[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251246
Citation: HUANG Tingting, WANG Pengfei, CHEN Meiduo, ZHAN Junlan, TIAN Jie, XU Songlin. Dynamic Plastic Deformation Mechanism of 301 Stainless Steel at Low Temperatures[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251246

低温下301不锈钢的动态塑性变形机制研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251246
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12372372,11872361)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    黄婷婷(2001-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事低温下材料的塑性变形研究. E-mail:ting0705@mail.ustc.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    王鹏飞(1985-),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事材料动态力学行为研究. E-mail:pfwang5@ustc.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: O347; O521.9

Dynamic Plastic Deformation Mechanism of 301 Stainless Steel at Low Temperatures

  • 摘要: 深空探测面临极端温度与复杂高速运行环境的挑战,对材料的低温抗冲击性能提出了更高要求。通过发展真空液氦环境下的低温霍普金森杆冲击实验装置,实现了材料在超低温条件下的动态加载,研究了2种轧制工艺的301不锈钢在低温(30~298 K)与高应变率(4 000~5 000 s–1)耦合作用下的动态力学响应。研究结果表明:2种材料的屈服强度均表现出显著的温度负相关和应变率正相关特性,单向轧制样品在77 K环境下呈现出反常的韧性增强现象;单向轧制工艺诱导产生较高含量的马氏体相,从而赋予材料更高的强度。微观结构表征结果指出,宏观力学行为的异常源于变形机制的竞争,常温条件下试样主要呈现以韧窝为主导的韧性断裂机制,而低温条件下则转变为以准解理断裂为主导的脆性断裂模式。在此基础上,采用Johnson-Cook本构模型对其力学性能进行拟合,结果具有较好的一致性。本研究为极端低温冲击环境下金属材料的动态强韧化设计提供了重要的实验方法和理论支撑。

     

  • 图  多向轧制样品与单向轧制样品的EBSD及XRD谱

    Figure  1.  EBSD and XRD pattens of multi-direction rolling samples and unidirectional rolling samples

    图  多向轧制样品与单向轧制样品的取向成像图、晶粒尺寸统计、极图及反极图

    Figure  2.  Orientation imaging maps, grain size distribution, pole figures, and inverse pole figures of multi-directional sample and unidirectional rolling sample

    图  基于真空下的液氦超低温冲击系统

    Figure  3.  Vacuum-operated cryogenic liquid helium impact testing system

    图  典型波形(298 K,$ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1

    Figure  4.  Typical wave (298 K,$ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1)

    图  多向轧制样品在不同应变率和不同温度下的应力-应变

    Figure  5.  Stress-strain of multi-directional rolling samples at different strain rates and different temperatures

    图  多向轧制样品的拉压对称性($ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1

    Figure  6.  Tensile and compressive symmetry of multi-directional rolling samples ($ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1)

    图  单向轧制样品在不同应变率和不同温度下的应力-应变

    Figure  7.  Stress-strain of unidirectionally rolling samples under different strain rates and temperatures

    图  多向轧制样品与单向轧制样品压缩后的表面表征(298 K、$ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1)和多向轧制样品的EBSD分析

    Figure  8.  Surface characterization of multi-directional rolling and unidirectional rolling samples after compression and and EBSD analysis of unidirectional rolling samples (298 K,$ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1)

    图  拉压实验后多向轧制样品截面的SEM表征($ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1

    Figure  9.  SEM characterization of the cross-section of multiaxial rolling samples after tensile and compressive experiments ($ \dot{\varepsilon } $=5 000 s–1)

    图  10  J-C模型拟合的应力-应变曲线与实验结果的对比

    Figure  10.  Comparison between the stress-strain curve fitted by the J-C model and experimental results

    表  1  J-C本构模型参数

    Table  1.   Parameters of the J-C constitutive model

    Rolling method A/GPa B/GPa n C m
    Multidirectional rolling 3.10 21 0.78 0.07 1.02
    Unidirectional rolling 7.00 8 0.50 0.13 1.05
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  • 收稿日期:  2025-10-31
  • 修回日期:  2025-12-08
  • 录用日期:  2026-04-02
  • 网络出版日期:  2025-12-11

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