Inhibition Mechanism of KHCO3-Containing Water Mist on Methane-Hydrogen Premixed Deflagration
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摘要: 甲烷-氢气混合气体的爆炸防控技术是保障氢能安全应用的重要课题。通过实验与数值模拟相结合的方法，系统研究了含KHCO3细水雾对甲烷-氢气预混爆燃的抑制机理。结果表明，含KHCO3细水雾对甲烷-氢气预混爆燃具有显著抑制效果，且抑制性能与KHCO3的质量分数呈正相关。以氢气体积分数为10%的混合气体为例，与对照组相比，KHCO3的质量分数为11%时，峰值压力和平均压力上升速率分别降低34.64%和44.57%，层流燃烧速度最高下降66.43%。KHCO3兼具物理与化学双重抑制效应：物理上，雾滴相变吸热和蒸气稀释效应降低火焰温度并稀释可燃物；化学上，KHCO3分解产生的钾化合物通过KOH→K→KOH重组循环消耗关键自由基（·H、·O、·OH），与链分支反应形成竞争，中断燃烧链式反应。此外，抑制过程是抑制与促进效应的竞争。高掺氢比和高KHCO3质量分数下，物理蒸发效率成为限制化学抑制作用的瓶颈，导致抑制效率出现饱和现象，但整体上仍表现出显著的抑制效果。Abstract: Explosion prevention and mitigation technologies for hydrogen-methane gas mixtures represent a critical research area for ensuring the safe application of hydrogen energy. This study systematically investigates the inhibition mechanism of potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3)-containing fine water mist on methane-hydrogen premixed deflagration using a combined approach of experiment and numerical simulation. The results indicate that KHCO3-containing fine water mist exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on methane-hydrogen premixed deflagration, with its suppression performance positively correlated to the KHCO3 mass fraction. Taking the condition of H2 volume fraction of 10% as an example, 11% KHCO3 addition resulted in reductions of the maximum explosion pressure and the average pressure rise rate by 34.64% and 44.57%, respectively. The laminar burning velocity was reduced by up to 66.43%. KHCO3 contributes to suppression through both physical and chemical mechanisms. Physically, droplet phase change (evaporation) absorbs heat and the generated steam dilutes the fuel mixture, thereby lowering the flame temperature and reducing reactant concentrations. Chemically, the decomposition of KHCO3 generates potassium compounds, which undergo the KOH→K→KOH recombination cycle to scavenge key radicals (·H, ·O, ·OH). This process competes with chain-branching reactions and interrupts the combustion chain reactions. Furthermore, the suppression process is governed by a competition between inhibitory and promotional effects. At high hydrogen blending ratios and high mass fractions of KHCO3, the physical evaporation efficiency becomes a bottleneck that constrains the chemical inhibition, leading to a saturation of the overall suppression efficiency. Nevertheless, a significant inhibitory effect is still maintained.
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Key words:
- fine water mist /
- KHCO3 /
- methane-hydrogen /
- premixed deflagration /
- inhibition mechanism
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图 3 $ {\varphi}_{{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}}$=30%时不同机理的层流燃烧速度
Figure 3. Laminar burning velocities calculated with different reaction mechanisms at $ {\varphi}_{{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}} $=30%
图 4 细水雾中KHCO3质量分数变化对$ {\varphi}_{{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}} $=20%火焰结构的影响
Figure 4. Effect of the mass fraction of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on the flame structure at $ {\varphi}_{{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}} $=20%
图 5 含KHCO3细水雾对爆燃压力特性的影响
Figure 5. Influence of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on the deflagration pressure characteristics
图 6 含KHCO3细水雾对层流燃烧速度的影响
Figure 6. Effect of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on the laminar burning velocity
图 7 含KHCO3细水雾对净热释放率峰值的影响
Figure 7. Effect of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on the peak net heat release rate
图 8 含KHCO3细水雾对火焰厚度的影响
Figure 8. Influence of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on flame thickness
图 9 含KHCO3细水雾对主要自由基摩尔分数的影响
Figure 9. Effect of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on mole fractions of key radicals
图 10 含KHCO3细水雾对层流速度敏感性的影响
Figure 10. Sensitivity analysis of laminar burning velocity to reactions in the presence of KHCO3-containing fine water mist
图 11 含KHCO3细水雾的抑制机理示意图
Figure 11. Illustration of the inhibition mechanism of KHCO3-containing fine water mist
表 1 含KHCO3细水雾对峰值压力和平均压力上升速率的影响
Table 1. Effects of KHCO3-containing fine water mist on the maximum explosion pressure and the average rate of pressure rise
$ {\varphi}_{{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}} $/% Mass fraction of KHCO3/% $ {t}_{{{\mathrm{p}}_{\max }}} $/ms pmax/kPa $ {(\mathrm{d}p/\mathrm{d}t)}_{\text{avg}} $/(MPa·s−1) 0 Control 37.62 24.13±0.84 0.64±0.03 0 34.54 21.74±0.61 0.63±0.03 3 49.80 20.34±0.92 0.41±0.02 7 39.90 18.71±0.41 0.47±0.02 11 44.36 15.77±0.63 0.36±0.01 10 Control 37.18 26.16±0.81 0.70±0.03 0 45.14 23.46±0.59 0.52±0.02 3 37.70 22.16±0.95 0.59±0.02 7 34.82 18.31±0.73 0.53±0.02 11 52.12 16.29±0.34 0.31±0.01 20 Control 35.54 27.75±0.83 0.78±0.03 0 44.48 26.95±1.12 0.61±0.03 3 42.02 25.74±0.62 0.61±0.02 7 41.50 26.79±1.23 0.65±0.02 11 49.42 22.40±0.72 0.45±0.02 30 Control 34.88 29.92±0.78 0.86±0.03 0 39.82 30.49±1.49 0.77±0.03 3 36.52 26.72±0.88 0.73±0.02 7 41.50 26.79±0.75 0.65±0.03 11 41.84 25.36±1.07 0.61±0.02 
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