Ti1.5ZrNbMo0.5W0.5高熵合金含能结构材料的微观结构与性能

武晓寒; 何金燕; 庄治华; 张兴高; 彭文联; 陈浩; 徐菡卿

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20251105

Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5高熵合金含能结构材料的微观结构与性能

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251105

武晓寒^{1, 2,},
何金燕¹,
庄治华¹,
张兴高¹,
彭文联¹,
陈浩¹,
徐菡卿^1,*, ,

1.
军事科学院防化研究院, 北京　102205
2.
哈尔滨工程大学, 黑龙江哈尔滨　150001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51404279）

详细信息

作者简介:
武晓寒（1998－），男，博士研究生，主要从事高熵合金材料研究. E-mail：michaelxiao@hrbeu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
徐菡卿（1988－），男，博士，助理研究员，主要从事含能结构材料制备与应用研究. E-mail：282703841@qq.com

中图分类号: O521.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-06
- 修回日期: 2025-08-14
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-15
- 刊出日期: 2026-05-05

Microstructure and Properties of the Energetic Structural Material of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 High-Entropy Alloy

1.
Chemical Defense Institute, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 102205, China
2.
Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China

摘要

摘要: 随着人们对含能结构材料力学性能及释能效果的综合要求不断提高，传统含能结构材料难以同时满足高强度及高释能水平的需求。为此，通过粉末冶金工艺，制备了一种新型Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5高熵合金，系统研究了该合金的微观组织、力学性能、毁伤效能及能量释放机制。结果表明，Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金具有高致密度、较小的晶粒尺寸和优异的准静态及动态压缩性能。在弹道枪实验中，尺寸为$\varnothing $8 mm×8.5 mm的Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金破片在637、861和1126 m/s速度下，可分别击穿厚度为6、8和10 mm的Q235钢板，穿靶后破片破碎并发生剧烈的释能反应，释能过程以富Zr区域的显著氧化为主导，该过程释放大量热能，并可引燃棉花和汽油等靶后易燃物。研究结果揭示了Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5高熵合金的释能机制，评价了其在实际穿甲应用场景下的综合毁伤效能，为该体系合金的进一步研究和应用提供了理论基础和实验依据。
- 高熵合金 /
- 含能结构材料 /
- 微观组织 /
- 力学性能 /
- 毁伤效能
Abstract: With the increasing demand for enhanced mechanical properties and energy release capabilities in energetic structural materials, traditional materials struggle to concurrently achieve both high mechanical properties and energy release properties. In this study, a novel Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 high-entropy alloy was developed by powder metallurgy process, and its microstructure, mechanical properties, damage effectiveness and energy release mechanisms were comprehensively investigated. The results indicate that the sintered Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy, characterized by high density and fine grain size, demonstrates superior quasi-static and dynamic compression properties. During the ballistic gun experiments, the Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy fragment can penetrate the Q235 steel plate with thickness of 6, 8, and 10 mm at speeds of 637, 861, and 1126 m/s, respectively. Meanwhile, after penetrating through the target, the fragment was broken into small-sized fragments and caused the severe energy release reaction. This energy release reaction is primarily driven by the substantial oxidation of Zr-rich regions, releasing significant thermal energy and successfully igniting the cotton and gasoline placed behind the steel target. This research provides a thorough characterization of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy. Furthermore, it evaluates its overall performance in practical armor-piercing application and reveals its energy release mechanisms. The research results provide a theoretical foundation and experimental data for the further study and application of TiZrNbMoW system high-entropy alloy.
- high-entropy alloy /
- energetic structural materials /
- microstructure /
- mechanical properties /
- damage effectiveness

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图 1 弹道枪实验设备及示意图

Figure 1. Equipment and schematic diagram of the ballistic gun experiment

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图 2 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金的SEM图像

Figure 2. SEM images of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

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图 3 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金的EDS图像和XRD谱

Figure 3. EDS image and XRD pattern of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

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图 4 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金的TEM图像

Figure 4. TEM images of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

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图 5 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金的力学性能

Figure 5. Mechanical properties of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

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图 6 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金弹道枪实验结果

Figure 6. Ballistic gun experiment results of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

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图 7 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金破片以1007 m/s的速度侵彻8 mm厚Q235钢靶的高速摄像时序照片

Figure 7. High-speed sequence photographs of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy penetrating an 8 mm thick steel target at 1007 m/s

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图 8 穿靶后样品碎片的EDS图像

Figure 8. EDS images of the fragments after penetration

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表 1 实验用原料粉末参数

Table 1. Parameters of raw powders in this research

Raw material	Purity/%	Particle size/μm
ZrH₂ powder	99.99	5
Ti powder	99.95	10
Nb powder	99.95	10
W powder	99.95	5
Mo powder	99.95	5

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表 2 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金的EDS点扫描结果

Table 2. EDS point scanning results of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

Position			Mass fraction/%
Position	Ti	Zr	Nb	Mo	W
P1	18.44	3.78	22.20	24.73	30.85
P2	17.32	3.81	21.74	23.29	33.84
P3	23.04	7.72	26.54	27.65	15.05
P4	22.03	8.54	27.81	27.11	14.53
P5	27.70	51.93	13.01	6.63	0.73
P6	26.62	52.76	13.83	6.12	0.67

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表 3 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金弹道枪实验数据

Table 3. Ballistic gun experiment data of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 alloy

No.	Thickness of the steel target/mm	Fragment velocity/ (m·s^–1)	Penetration result of the steel target	Diameter of penetration hole/mm	Post-effect damage
1	6	637	Penetration	10.08	Burn the cotton
2	6	854	Penetration	10.58	Burn the cotton
3	6	1082	Penetration	11.75	Burn the cotton
4	8	592	No penetration
5	8	861	Penetration	11.12	Burn the cotton
6	8	1007	Penetration	12.80	Burn the cotton
7	10	1126	Penetration	12.95	Burn the cotton
8	8	1035	Penetration	12.52	Burn the petrol

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表 4 Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5合金碎片的EDS扫描结果

Table 4. EDS point scanning results of Ti_1.5ZrNbMo_0.5W_0.5 fragments after penetration

Number	Element mass fraction/%
Number	O	Ti	Zr	Nb	Mo	W
P1	63.83	14.74	15.94	5.48	0	0
P2	61.47	14.18	18.43	5.73	0.02	0.17
P3	64.30	11.84	17.93	5.92	0	0
P4	25.71	0.28	0.96	22.09	40.40	10.56
P5	41.69	0.26	0.33	27.81	21.49	8.42
P6	41.49	4.37	2.33	19.51	20.72	11.58

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