静态超高压装置研究进展

赵亮; 吴楠楠; 陈慧轩; 李明哲; 梁晓波

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20251065

静态超高压装置研究进展

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251065

赵亮^1,,
吴楠楠^1,*, ,,
陈慧轩¹,
李明哲²,
梁晓波¹

1.
淮阴工学院江苏省先进制造重点实验室, 江苏淮安　223003
2.
吉林大学辊锻工艺研究所, 吉林长春　130022

基金项目: 江苏省高等学校自然科学基金（23KJB460004，23KJB460003）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵　亮（1989－），男，博士，讲师，主要从事材料加工研究. E-mail：minghaibu09@163.com

通讯作者:
吴楠楠（1994－），女，硕士，工程师，主要从事机械制造研究. E-mail：angeliawnn@163.com

中图分类号: O521.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-28
- 修回日期: 2025-05-11
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-12
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-05

Research Progress of Static Ultra-High Pressure Device

1.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, Jiangsu, China
2.
Roll Forging Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China

摘要

摘要: 超高压技术作为极端条件制造领域的重要手段，其应用已从凝聚态物理、地球科学等基础研究拓展至超硬材料合成及高密度储能器件制造等工程实践，并逐步向精密能场调控等前沿方向延伸。尽管我国超高压装置需求激增，但是受限于大尺寸硬质合金烧结技术壁垒，国产超高压装置占比较低。为此，系统梳理了对顶砧、两面顶、多面顶、分球式4类主流静态超高压装置的结构特征与技术瓶颈，并对未来超高压装置的发展和技术方向进行了展望。
- 超高压装置 /
- 结构优化 /
- 压力效率 /
- 腔体容积 /
- 超硬材料合成
Abstract: Ultra-high pressure (UHP) technology, a core technique in manufacturing under extreme conditions, has expanded its scope from fundamental research in areas like condensed matter physics and geosciences to practical engineering applications such as superhard material synthesis and high-density energy storage device fabrication. Furthermore, UHP techniques are increasingly being used in cutting-edge fields such as the precise control of energy fields. Despite the surging demand for ultra-high pressure equipment in China, the market share of domestically produced ultra-high pressure equipment remains relatively low due to the technical barriers in large-size cemented carbide sintering. This study systematically reviews the design features and technical limitations of four mainstream static ultra-high-pressure devices: opposed anvil presses, belt-type presses, multi-anvil presses, and split-sphere apparatus. Finally, it presents an outlook on potential future advancements and technological pathways for UHP equipment.
- ultra-high pressure device /
- structural optimization /
- pressure efficiency /
- chamber volume /
- superhard material synthesis

HTML全文

图 1 金刚石对顶砧装置^[8]

Figure 1. Diamond anvil cell setup^[8]

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图 2 Bridgeman对顶砧装置

Figure 2. Bridgeman anvil cell setup

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图 3 Belt式超高压装置^[28]

Figure 3. Belt-type ultra-high pressure device^[28]

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图 4 缠绕式超高压装置

Figure 4. Wire-wounded ultra-high pressure apparatus

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图 5 四面顶超高压装置^[42]

Figure 5. Multi-anvil high pressure apparatus^[42]

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图 6 六面顶超高压装置^[45]

Figure 6. Cubic anvil ultra-high pressure system^[45]

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图 7 6-8型超高压装置^[51]

Figure 7. 6-8 type multi-anvil ultra-high pressure system^[51]

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图 8 分球式超高压装置^[59]

Figure 8. Split-sphere high pressure apparatus^[59]

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图 9 缠绕预紧交错剖分式两面顶超高压模具

Figure 9. Wound preloading interlocked split-type double-anvil ultra-high pressure device

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表 1 静态超高压装置性能对比

Table 1. Performance evaluation of static ultra-high pressure devices

Device type	Pressure range/GPa	Cavity dimensions	Primary applications	Technical features
Diamond anvil cell setup	0−550	Cavity diameter: 0.3−0.5 mm	In-situ characterization techniques, ultrahigh-pressure research (e.g., planetary interior simulations, metallic hydrogen synthesis)	Single-crystal diamond anvil cell (DAC); piston-cylinder/four-column pressure systems; transparent anvils enabling in-situ optical characterization
Bridgeman anvil cell setup	0−25	Extremely small	Phase transition mechanisms and cryogenic rheology of advanced materials	Cemented carbide flat anvils; interference-fit high-strength steel support rings; metal gasket sealing assembly
Annular anvil cell setup	20−30	3 mm³ (Optimized Haberl)	Neutron scattering characterization, high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) studies in large-volume press systems	Axisymmetric hemispherical concave anvils; peripheral gradient annular groove design; split-type sealing gaskets (pyrophyllite+metal)
Belt-type ultra-high pressure device	0−6.5	Cavity diameter: 250 mm^[29–30], 135 mm^[31]	Industrial diamond production (polycrystalline diamond compacts)	Belt-type multi-layered support die; cemented carbide pressure cylinder with steel support rings; isostatic pressing loading mechanism
Multi-anvil high pressure apparatus	0−12	Regular tetrahedral cavity	Pioneering advancements in XRD instrumentation	Asymmetric configuration of four cemented-carbide top anvils; regular tetrahedral sealed chamber; manual loading system
Cubic anvil ultra-high pressure system	0−6.5	28000 mm³	Scalable production of mid-to-low grade diamonds	Orthogonal configuration of six cemented carbide top anvil; electrically heated graphite tube for precise temperature control; hydraulically synchronized driving system
6-8 type multi-anvil ultra-high pressure system	20−55	Side length: 14 mm^[52], 2000 mm^3[54]	Phase transitions under HPHT conditions (e.g., magnesium silicate perovskite)	Two-stage pressurization structure (8 sintered diamond top anvils); regular octahedral sample chamber; pre-sealed edge technology
Split-sphere high pressure apparatuses	0−10		Experimental diamond synthesis	Multi-stage hydraulic driven top anvils; rubber membrane-sealed oil chamber; embedded graphite tube heating system

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