温度对Invar36合金力学性能及层裂损伤的影响

唐泽明; 胡建波; 胡昌明; 陈森

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20251057

温度对Invar36合金力学性能及层裂损伤的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20251057

唐泽明^{1, 2,},
胡建波²,
胡昌明^2,*, ,,
陈森^2,*, ,

1.
西南科技大学材料与化学学院, 四川绵阳　621010
2.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理全国重点实验室, 四川绵阳　621999

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2021YFB3802303）；四川省自然科学基金（2025NSFTD0006）

详细信息

作者简介:
唐泽明（2001－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事材料动态力学行为研究. E-mail：13086371176@163.com

通讯作者:
胡昌明（1974－），男，博士，研究员，主要从事高压物理与力学研究. E-mail：cmhu@caep.cn

陈　森（1993－），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事高压物理与力学研究. E-mail：senchen02@163.com

中图分类号: O521.2; O382.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-21
- 修回日期: 2025-04-21
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2026-08-05

Influence of Temperature on Mechanical Properties and Spall Damage of Invar36 Alloy

TANG Zeming^{1, 2
,},
HU Jianbo²,
HU Changming^{2,*
, ,},
CHEN Sen^{2,*
, ,}

1.
School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 通过平板冲击实验和微观表征技术，系统探究了温度对Invar36合金层裂行为的影响。利用一级轻气炮加载平台结合高温加热装置，测量了20～300 ℃温度范围内不同偏析方向样品的自由表面速度剖面及层裂强度变化规律。结果表明，Invar36合金的层裂强度随温度升高呈线性下降，高温显著弱化了其动态抗拉性能。微观损伤分析显示，室温下孔洞沿元素偏析带成核并扩展，而高温时损伤集中在晶界处，高温削弱了偏析的约束作用，且热激活位错运动促进了材料软化。研究结果揭示了温度对层裂强度和损伤机制的核心作用，为高温冲击环境下Invar36合金的抗失效设计提供了理论支撑。
- Invar36合金 /
- 层裂 /
- 元素偏析 /
- 温度依赖性
Abstract: This study systematically investigated the effects of temperature on the spall behavior of Invar36 alloy through plate impact experiments and microstructural characterization techniques. Utilizing a single-stage light gas gun loading platform combined with a high-temperature heating device, the experiments measured free surface velocity profiles and spall strength variations in samples with different segregation orientations within the temperature range of 20 ℃ to 300 ℃. Results demonstrate that the spall strength of Invar36 alloy exhibits a linear decrease with increasing temperature, with elevated temperatures significantly weakening its dynamic tensile resistance. Microstructural damage analysis reveals that at room temperature, voids nucleate and propagate along element segregation bands, while high-temperature damage concentrates at grain boundaries. Elevated temperatures reduce the constraining effect of segregation and facilitate material softening through thermally activated dislocation motion. The research elucidates the central role of temperature in governing spall strength and damage mechanisms, providing a theoretical foundation for failure-resistant design of Invar36 alloys under high-temperature impact conditions.
- Invar36 alloy /
- spall /
- element segregation /
- temperature dependence

HTML全文

图 1 Invar36合金的初始表征结果：(a) IPF图、(b) CSL图、 (c)轴向样品的EPMA图和(d)径向样品的EPMA图

Figure 1. Initial characterization results of Invar36 alloy: (a) IPF map, (b) CSL map, (c) axial sample EPMA map and (d) radial sample EPMA map

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图 2 加热装置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the heating apparatus

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图 3 不同温度下(a)样品Ⅰ和(b)样品Ⅱ的自由面速度剖面

Figure 3. Free surface velocity profiles of (a) sampleⅠ and (b) sampleⅡ at different temperatures

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图 4 常压下Invar36合金的热膨胀行为

Figure 4. Thermal expansion behavior of Invar36 alloy

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图 5 层裂强度和温度的拟合关系

Figure 5. Spall strength as a function of temperature

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图 6 回收样品的光学显微镜表征

Figure 6. Optical microscopy characterization of recycled samples

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图 7 回收样品Ⅰ的EBSD表征结果：常温下的IPF图(a)和KAM图(b)，300℃下的IPF图(c)和KAM图(d)

Figure 7. EBSD characterization results of recycled sample Ⅰ: IPF map (a) and corresponding KAM map (b)at room temperature; IPF map (c) and corresponding KAM map (d) at 300 ℃

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图 8 回收样品Ⅱ的EBSD表征结果：常温下的IPF图(a)和KAM图(b)，300℃下的IPF图(c)和KAM图(d)

Figure 8. EBSD characterization results of recycled sample Ⅱ: IPF map (a) and corresponding KAM map (b) at room temperature; IPF map (c) and corresponding KAM map (d) at 300 ℃

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表 1 密度和弹性模量的参数数据

Table 1. Parameter data of density and elastic modulus

T/℃	ρ₀/(g·cm⁻³)	E/GPa
20	8.110	14.960
150	8.102	15.487
300	8.020	16.094

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表 2 层裂回收实验的实验参数

Table 2. Experimental parameters for the spall recovery experiments

Materials	T/℃	C_L/ (km·s⁻¹)	C_T/ (km·s⁻¹)	C_B/ (km·s⁻¹)	u_imp/ (km·s⁻¹)	Δu/ (km·s⁻¹)	σ_sp/ GPa	a_ra/ (m·s⁻²)
Sample Ⅰ	20	4.839	2.703	3.698	0.295	0.165	2.810	4.51
	150	4.904	2.740	3.747	0.300	0.133	2.289	3.45
	300	5.024	2.807	3.839	0.299	0.101	1.763	2.75
Sample Ⅱ	20	4.862	2.701	3.730	0.292	0.145	2.482	6.68
	150	4.926	2.736	3.780	0.290	0.118	2.045	5.14
	300	5.047	2.803	3.873	0.294	0.097	1.705	4.22

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