Mechanical Properties and Energy Absorption in Body-Centered Offset BCC Lattice Structures
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摘要: 轻量化点阵结构具有出色的强度、刚度和能量吸收能力，被广泛应用于抗冲击吸能装置。受到孔隙率梯度点阵结构的启发，通过调节节点刚度提升其性能，探索通过等距离体心偏移调控体心立方（body-centered cubic，BCC）晶格结构在力学性能和能量吸收方面的表现。数值模拟结果表明，等距离偏移BCC晶格的比吸能、刚度和平台应力均优于传统BCC晶格和体心线性增量偏移BCC晶格。通过有限元方法进一步分析了体心偏移方向和偏移量对BCC晶格压缩性能和比吸能的影响。结果表明：沿压缩方向的体心偏移对刚度和强度的影响更为显著；随着偏移量的增加，BCC晶格结构的应变硬化效果更明显；与传统BCC晶格相比，体心沿3个垂直方向各偏移1 mm时，BCC结构的比吸能增加169%。此外，基于塑性铰理论推导的偏心BCC晶体的平台应力可为高性能结构设计提供有效参考。Abstract: Light-weight lattice structures is widely used to impact-resistant energy-absorbing devices due to high strength, stiffness, and energy absorption. The present study derives inspiration from the porosity gradient lattice structure, and mechanical properties and energy absorption of the body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice structures is carried out by adjusting joint stiffness to enhance performance. Specific energy absorption, stiffness and plateau stress of the equidistantly offset BCC lattices are superior to those of uniform BCC lattices and body-centered linearly offset BCC lattices based on the exhibition of numerical simulations. Finite element analysis further examines the effects of body-center offset direction and magnitude on the compressive properties and specific energy absorption of the BCC lattices. The results indicate that body-center shifts in the compression direction exert a more substantial influence on stiffness and strength. As the offset increases, the strain-hardening effect in the BCC lattice structures becomes more pronounced. Compared to the uniform BCC lattice, a BCC structure with a body-center offset of 1 mm along each of the three-dimensional coordinate axes exhibits a 169% increase in specific energy absorption. Additionally, the plateau stress derived from plastic hinge theory for eccentric BCC lattices offers an effective approach for designing high-performance structures.
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图 2 BCC-X晶格的有限元模型及不同网格下的应力-应变曲线
Figure 2. Finite element model and the stress-strain curves for different meshes of the BCC-X lattice
图 5 BCC、BCC-X0.6与BCC-X1.2变形模式的对比
Figure 5. Comparison of deformation modes of BCC, BCC-X0.6 and BCC-X1.2
图 6 不同X方向偏移量下传统BCC和BCC-X的力学响应
Figure 6. Mechanical response of traditional BCC and BCC-X with different offset in X-direction
图 7 X方向偏移量对BCC-X晶格力学性能的影响
Figure 7. Effect of X-direction offset on mechanical properties of the BCC-X lattice
图 8 相对密度对BCC-X晶格相对弹性模量E/Es的影响
Figure 8. Effect of relative density on the relative elastic modulus E/Es of the BCC-X lattices
图 10 BCC-X1.2平台应力的数值模拟结果与理论解对比
Figure 10. Comparison between simulation result and theoretical result of plateau stress for the BCC-X1.2
图 12 BCC-X1.2与BCC-XY1.2变形模式对比
Figure 12. Comparison of deformation modes of BCC-X1.2 and BCC-XY1.2
图 15 BCC与BCC-Z1.2变形模式对比
Figure 15. Comparison of deformation modes of BCC and BCC-Z1.2
图 16 传统BCC和Z方向不同偏移量BCC-Z的力学响应
Figure 16. Mechanical response of traditional BCC and BCC-Z with different offset in the Z-direction
图 18 BCC-XZ1.2和BCC-Z1.2变形模式对比
Figure 18. Comparison of deformation modes of BCC-XZ1.2 and BCC-Z1.2
图 19 BCC-X1.2、BCC-Z1.2和BCC-XZ1.2的力学响应
Figure 19. Mechanical response of BCC-X1.2, BCC-Z1.2, and BCC-XZ1.2
图 20 X和Z方向体心偏移量对BCC晶格性能的影响
Figure 20. Effect of body-centered offset on the performance of the BCC lattice in X and Z directions
图 21 XYZ空间方向的体心偏移量对BCC晶格性能的影响
Figure 21. Effect of body-centered offset on the performance of BCC lattice in XYZ space
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