榫卯式多孔柱的单轴压缩力学行为与吸能特性分析

张晓蕾; 马思逸; 李新波; 李旺斐; 邓庆田

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240949

榫卯式多孔柱的单轴压缩力学行为与吸能特性分析

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240949

张晓蕾^1,,
马思逸¹,
李新波^{1, 2},
李旺斐¹,
邓庆田^{1, 2,*, ,}

1.
长安大学理学院, 陕西西安　710064
2.
长安大学西安市结构损伤数字化检测技术重点实验室, 陕西西安　710064

基金项目: 长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（300102124501）；材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室开放基金（P2024-030）

详细信息

作者简介:
张晓蕾（2001－），女，本科，主要从事吸能结构研究. E-mail：2021900944@chd.edu.cn

通讯作者:
邓庆田（1980－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事多孔材料与结构力学性能研究. E-mail：dengqt@chd.edu.cn

中图分类号: O341; O521.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-28
- 修回日期: 2025-01-20
- 录用日期: 2025-04-23
- 网络出版日期: 2025-06-26
- 刊出日期: 2025-07-07

Mechanical Behaviors and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Mortise and Tenon Porous Columns under Uniaxial Compressive Loading

ZHANG Xiaolei^1
,,
MA Siyi¹,
LI Xinbo^{1, 2},
LI Wangfei¹,
DENG Qingtian^{1, 2,*
, ,}

1.
School of Science, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China
2.
Xi’an Key Laboratory of Mathematics and Mathematical Technology of Structure Damage Detection, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 将传统木结构建筑的榫卯连接方法引入多孔柱中，在保持多孔柱的孔隙率相同的情况下，探究了连接方式、高度、孔型和孔数对结构力学行为和吸能特性的影响；通过试验测试和有限元模拟计算，研究了多孔柱模型在单轴压缩作用下的力学行为和能量吸收性能。结果表明：榫卯式多孔结构在实现快速装配的同时，内凹形模型的后期承载力较好，六边形孔型模型的承载力和吸能特性较好，单孔模型的承载力较好，多孔模型的吸能特性较好。
- 力学行为 /
- 榫卯式多孔柱结构 /
- 单轴压缩试验 /
- 有限元方法 /
- 吸能特性
Abstract: By incorporating the traditional mortise-and-tenon structure commonly used in timber structures into the porous column, and the effects of jointing mode, height, hole shape and number on the mechanical behavior and energy absorption characteristics of the structure are investigated under the condition of maintaining a uniform porosity in the porous columns. The mechanical behaviors and energy absorption performance of the porous column model are studied through tests and finite element simulation under uniaxial compression. The results show that the mortise-and-tenon porous structure has a better load carrying capacity in the later stage of the concave shape while realizing rapid assembly. The hexagonal hole model has better load carrying capacity and energy absorption characteristics. The load carrying capacity of the single hole model is higher, and the energy absorption characteristics of the porous model are better.
- mechanical behavior /
- mortise and tenon perforated column structure /
- uniaxial compression test /
- finite element method /
- energy-absorption properties

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图 1 2种基本模型示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of the two basic models

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图 2 组装模型与基本部件结构示意图（以Con-110-19为例）

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the assembly model and basic part structure (taking Con-110-19 as an example)

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图 3 试验设备与试件制备

Figure 3. Test equipment and specimen preparation

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图 4 装配体模型的相互作用和载荷及网格划分示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the assembly, interaction, and load with meshing

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图 5 榫卯式多孔柱结构下压30 mm的模拟结果

Figure 5. Simulation results of mortise-and-tenon porous column structure compressed by 30 mm

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图 6 采取不同连接方式的模型的承载力-位移曲线

Figure 6. Load-displacement curves of models with different connection modes

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图 7 单轴压缩试验过程

Figure 7. Uniaxial compression test process

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图 8 考虑高度因素时模型的承载力-位移曲线

Figure 8. Force-displacement curves of models with different heights

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图 9 考虑高度因素模型的单轴压缩试验

Figure 9. Uniaxial compression tests with modification of the height factor

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图 10 考虑高度因素模型下压30 mm的模拟应力云图和试验结果

Figure 10. Stress contour and test results with modification of the height under 30 mm lower pressure

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图 11 考虑孔型因素模型的承载力-位移曲线

Figure 11. Load carrying capacity-displacement curve for different hole shape

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图 12 不同孔型条件下模型下压30 mm的模拟结果

Figure 12. Simulation results of models with different hole shape compressed by 30 mm

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图 13 不同孔数条件下模型的承载力-位移曲线

Figure 13. Load-displacement curves of models with different number of holes

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图 14 考虑孔数因素模型下压30 mm的模拟结果

Figure 14. Simulation results of models with different number of holes compressed by 30 mm

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表 1 榫卯式多孔柱模型

Table 1. Mortise-and-tenon porous column model

Hole pattern	Height/mm	Hole number	Model	Hole pattern	Height/mm	Hole number	Model
Regular hexagon	70	1	Hex-70-1	Concave	70	1	Con-70-1
	70	7	Hex-70-7		70	7	Con-70-7
	70	19	Hex-70-19		70	19	Con-70-19
	90	1	Hex-90-1		90	1	Con-90-1
	90	7	Hex-90-7		90	7	Con-90-7
	90	19	Hex-90-19		90	19	Con-90-19
	110	1	Hex-110-1		110	1	Con-110-1
	110	7	Hex-110-7		110	7	Con-110-7
	110	19	Hex-110-19		110	19	Con-110-19

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表 2 采取不同连接方式的模型的试验数据

Table 2. Test data of models with different connection modes

Model	Maximum force/kN	Displacement/mm	Model	Maximum force/kN	Displacement/mm
Hex-90-1	82.35	2.94	Con-90-1	91.51	3.77
A-Hex-90-1	95.51	8.25	A-Con-90-1	96.94	7.71
Hex-90-7	77.62	3.51	Con-90-7	58.59	9.17
A-Hex-90-7	106.13	12.99	A-Con-90-7	122.27	4.13

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表 3 采用不同连接方式的模型的能量吸收数据

Table 3. Energy absorption data of models with different jointing modes

Model	E_a/kJ	F_m/kN	Model	E_a/kJ	F_m/kN
Hex-90-1	1.80	60.00	Con-90-1	1.54	51.33
A-Hex-90-1	2.44	81.33	A-Con-90-1	1.97	65.67
Hex-90-7	1.84	61.33	Con-90-7	1.43	47.67
A-Hex-90-7	2.85	95.00	A-Con-90-7	2.70	90.00

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表 4 模型下压30 mm的试验结果

Table 4. Test results of models compressed by 30 mm

Model	Maximum force/kN	Displacement/mm	Model	Maximum force/kN	Displacement/mm
Hex-70-1	83.90	4.48	Con-70-1	79.14	3.90
Hex-90-1	82.42	4.90	Con-90-1	91.57	4.78
Hex-110-1	71.41	5.45	Con-110-1	65.71	5.11
Hex-70-7	75.85	4.33	Con-70-7	68.23	29.80
Hex-90-7	77.64	4.78	Con-90-7	58.60	10.60
Hex-110-7	70.76	6.13	Con-110-7	96.94	7.75
Hex-70-19	80.24	3.95	Con-70-19	74.76	24.88
Hex-90-19	70.80	21.75	Con-90-19	65.60	29.97
Hex-110-19	67.76	5.53	Con-110-19	70.34	20.03

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表 5 模型下压30 mm的能量吸收数据

Table 5. Energy absorption of models compressed by 30 mm

Model	E_a/kJ	F_m/kN	Model	E_a/kJ	F_m/kN
Hex-70-1	1.70	56.67	Con-70-1	1.30	43.33
Hex-90-1	1.73	57.67	Con-90-1	1.48	49.33
Hex-110-1	1.03	34.33	Con-110-1	1.43	47.67
Hex-70-7	1.84	61.33	Con-70-7	1.60	53.33
Hex-90-7	1.76	58.67	Con-90-7	1.36	45.33
Hex-110-7	1.64	54.67	Con-110-7	1.97	65.67
Hex-70-19	2.00	66.67	Con-70-19	1.82	60.67
Hex-90-19	1.82	60.67	Con-90-19	1.53	51.00
Hex-110-19	2.20	73.33	Con-110-19	1.71	57.00

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表 6 多元线性回归分析结果

Table 6. Results of the multiple linear regression analysis

Implicit variable	R²/%	P	B
Implicit variable	R²/%	P	Height	Hole patten	Hole number	Constant
Force	19.3	0.375	20.833	–3 888.889	–559.524	85 160.714
Energy uptake	38.4	0.072	2 083.333	–222 222.222	11 111.111	1 734 722.222

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