The Influence of Pulse Width on the Shock Initiation Process of TATB-Based Insensitive Explosives
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摘要: 冲击波脉宽是冲击起爆过程中影响炸药冲击转爆轰的重要因素之一。为此，利用火炮平台，对1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯（1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene，TATB）-2钝感炸药进行了冲击起爆实验。通过改变冲击飞片厚度控制冲击波脉宽，采用电磁粒子速度计和示踪计记录冲击波速度、炸药的波后粒子速度等实验数据。通过数据分析，得到了TATB-2炸药的冲击波脉宽与爆轰距离等参数之间的关系。结果表明，脉宽效应对TATB-2炸药的冲击起爆过程有显著影响。研究结果可为理解钝感炸药的冲击起爆特性提供参考。
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关键词:
- 脉宽效应 /
- 1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯基炸药 /
- 冲击起爆 /
- 波后粒子速度 /
- 冲击波速度
Abstract: The shock wave pulse width is one of the essential factors influencing the shock-to-detonation transition in explosives. This study experimentally investigates the pulse width effect on the shock initiation process of the insensitive explosive 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB). Shock initiation experiments were conducted on TATB-2 explosives on the gun platform. The pulse width was controlled by varying the thickness of shock flyers. Experimental data including shock wave velocity and particle velocity after wave were recorded using the electromagnetic particle velocity meter and tracer meter. The relationships between pulse width effect, the distance to detonation, and other parameters of TATB-2 explosives were calculated and analyzed. The results demonstrate that pulse width effect significantly affects the detonation build-up process, providing essential references for understanding the shock initiation characteristics of insensitive explosives. -
图 4 N1实验中波后粒子速度与时间的关系(a)以及深度与时间的关系 (b)
Figure 4. Relationships of particle velocity versus time (a) and depth versus time (b) in experiment N1
图 5 N2实验中波后粒子速度与时间的关系(a)以及深度与时间的关系 (b)
Figure 5. Relationships of particle velocity versus time (a) and depth versus time (b) in experiment N2
图 6 N3实验中波后粒子速度与时间的关系(a)以及深度与时间的关系 (b)
Figure 6. Relationships of particle velocity versus time (a) and depth versus time (b) in experiment N3
图 7 N4实验中波后粒子速度与时间的关系(a)以及深度与时间的关系 (b)
Figure 7. Relationships of particle velocity versus time (a) and depth versus time (b) in experiment N4
图 8 相同蓝宝石飞片厚度（2 mm）、相近初始入射压力下的波后粒子速度对比
Figure 8. Comparison of particle velocity with the same sapphire flyer thickness (2 mm) and similar initial incident pressure
图 9 不同飞片厚度（2、5、12 mm）、相近初始入射压力下的波后粒子速度对比
Figure 9. Comparison of particle velocity with different flyer thickness (2, 5, 12 mm) and similar initial incident pressure
图 10 实验N1～N4中飞片撞击炸药的x-t图
Figure 10. x-t diagrams of explosive impacted by flyer in Exp. N1–N4
表 1 未反应炸药材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters of unreacted explosive
Exp. No. H/mm $ {\rho }_{0,\mathrm{e}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{p}} $ (up/down)/(g·cm−3) m/g uimp/(km·s−1) p0/GPa T0/℃ N1 2 1.894 491.99 1.37 10.03 12.5 N2 2 1.894 491.02 1.39 10.83 16.2 N3 5 1.894 490.94 1.40 11.07 15.0 N4 12 1.898/1.893 492.45 1.33 10.42 16.0 
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表 2 TATB-2实验中脉宽效应及相关参数
Table 2. TATB-2 experimental pulse width effect and other related parameters
Exp. No. H/mm $ {\rho }_{0,\mathrm{e}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{p}} $(up/down)/
(g·cm−3)uimp/(km·s−1) p0/GPa Pulse-width/μs xD/mm tD/μs N1 2 1.894 1.37 10.03 0.327 N2 2 1.894 1.39 10.83 0.327 N3 5 1.894 1.40 11.07 0.842 9.76 2.05 N4 12 1.898/1.893 1.33 10.42 0.972 10.81 2.34
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表 3 TATB-2实验中稀疏波的相关参数
Table 3. Parameters about rarefaction wave of TATB-2 experiment
Exp. No. Position u1/(km·s−1) u2/(km·s−1) D1/(km·s−1) D2/(km·s−1) Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 N1 (−2.00, 0.18) (0.44, 0.39) (3.02, 0.62) 1.12 0.25 4.82 11.44 N2 (−2.00, 0.18) (0.46, 0.39) (3.07, 0.62) 1.17 0.22 4.81 11.41 N3 (−5.00, 0.45) (1.13, 0.98) (7.13, 1.51) 1.15 0.25 4.88 11.44 N4 (−12.00, 1.07) (2.69, 2.36) (15.22, 3.46) 1.27 0.18 5.14 11.37
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