装药缺陷对浇注装药快烤响应特性的影响

梁明阳; 智小琦; 于永利; 肖游

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20240893

装药缺陷对浇注装药快烤响应特性的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20240893

梁明阳^1,,
智小琦^1,*, ,,
于永利²,
肖游³

1.
中北大学机电工程学院, 山西太原　030051
2.
吉林江机特种工业有限公司, 吉林吉林　132021
3.
中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所有限公司智能制造事业部, 四川绵阳　621000

详细信息

作者简介:
梁明阳（1998－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事不敏感弹药研究. E-mail：1522775234@qq.com

通讯作者:
智小琦（1963－），女，博士，教授，主要从事战斗部毁伤技术及不敏感弹药研究. E-mail：zxq4060@sina.com

中图分类号: O521.9; TJ55
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-24
- 修回日期: 2024-10-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-05

Effect of Charge Defects on the Fast Cook-off Response Characteristics of Cast PBX Explosive Charge

1.
School of Electromechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China
2.
Jilin Jiangji Machine Special Industry, Ltd., Jilin 132021, Jilin, China
3.
Department of Intelligent Manufacturing, Automation Research Institute, Ltd., China South Industries Group Corporation, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究炸药装药缺陷对快速烤燃响应特性的影响，对Ⅰ型烤燃弹（无缺陷装药）和Ⅱ型烤燃弹（含缺陷装药）进行了快速烤燃试验。Ⅱ型烤燃弹的响应时间（128 s）短于Ⅰ型烤燃弹（132 s），且在5 m处的最大冲击波超压峰值（62.7 kPa）高于Ⅰ型烤燃弹（12.5 kPa）。试验结果表明，点火后Ⅱ型烤燃弹的响应较无缺陷的Ⅰ型烤燃弹更为剧烈，但二者的响应等级仍为燃烧反应。在此基础上，通过Fluent软件建立了池火与烤燃试件相互耦合的计算模型，模拟了试件在火焰中的受热情况。研究发现，缺陷越靠近装药表面，缺陷处的局部温度越高，但对装药的响应时间无明显影响。
- 快速烤燃 /
- 池火模拟 /
- 装药缺陷 /
- 缺陷位置
Abstract: To study the effect of explosive charge defects on fast cook-off response characteristics, fast cook-off tests were conducted on type Ⅰ cook-off bomb (with defect-free charges) and type Ⅱ cook-off bomb (with defective charges). The results showed that the response time of type Ⅱ cook-off bomb (128 s) is shorter than that of type Ⅰ cook-off bomb (132 s), and the maximum shock wave overpressure at 5 m (62.7 kPa) is higher than that of type Ⅰ cook-off bomb (12.5 kPa). This indicates that the combustion of the type Ⅱ cook-off bomb was more intense than the defect-free type Ⅰ cook-off bomb after ignition, although both of them exhibit the same response level of burning reaction. Furthermore, a coupled computational model of pool fire and cook-off specimen was established to simulate the heating of the specimen in the flame using Fluent software. It is found that the closer the defect is to the charge surface, the higher local temperature at the defect, but it does not significantly affect the response time of explosive charges.
- fast cook-off /
- pool fire simulation /
- charge defects /
- defect position

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图 1 烤燃系统压力测点俯视图

Figure 1. Top view of pressure points in the cook-off system

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图 2 快速烤燃示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of fast cook-off

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图 3 Ⅱ型烤燃弹预制缺陷CT图

Figure 3. CT images of the pre-fabricated defect of TypeⅡcook-off bomb

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图 4 温度-时间历史曲线

Figure 4. Temperature-time history curves

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图 5 两型弹响应时的状态

Figure 5. During-response condition of two types of cook-off bombs

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图 6 两型弹响应后的状态

Figure 6. Post-response condition of two types of cook-off bombs

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图 7 烤燃模拟试件模型

Figure 7. Simulation models of Cook-off bombs

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图 8 计算域模型

Figure 8. Computational domain model

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图 9 池火模拟场景

Figure 9. Pool fire simulation scenario

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图 10 池火截面温度云图

Figure 10. Temperature of the cross-section of pool fire

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图 11 Ⅰ型烤燃弹火焰中测点温度随时间变化曲线

Figure 11. Temperature-time curves of gauging points in flame of type Ⅰ cook-off bomb

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图 12 不同时刻药柱表面温度云图（Ⅰ型烤燃弹）

Figure 12. Temperature contour map of the charge surface at different times (Type Ⅰ cook-off bomb)

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图 13 点火时刻药柱表面温度云图（Ⅰ型烤燃弹）

Figure 13. Temperature contour map of the propellant surface at the moment of ignition (Type Ⅰ cook-off bomb)

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图 14 Ⅱ型烤燃弹火焰中测点温度随时间变化曲线

Figure 14. Temperature-time curves of gauging points in flame of type Ⅱ cook-off bomb

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图 15 点火时刻药柱表面温度云图（Ⅱ型烤燃弹）

Figure 15. Temperature contour map of the propellant surface at the moment of ignition (Type Ⅱ cook-off bomb)

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图 16 点火前缺陷和药柱截面温度云图

Figure 16. Temperature contour map at the defect and propellant cross-section before ignition

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图 17 区域A缺陷位置示意图

Figure 17. Defect location diagram in area A

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图 18 区域B缺陷位置示意图

Figure 18. Defect location diagram in area B

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图 19 响应前不同位置缺陷及药柱截面温度云图

Figure 19. Temperature contour maps of defects at different positions and charge cross-sections before ignition

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图 20 缺陷与药柱的最高温度随时间变化曲线

Figure 20. Time-dependent curves of the maximum temperature of defects and explosive charges

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表 1 冲击波超压峰值

Table 1. Peak overpressure of shock wave

Cook-off bomb	Monitor point location	Distance/m	Overpressure peak/kPa	Cook-off bomb	Monitor point location	Distance/m	Overpressure peak/kPa
TypeⅠ	Axial	5	5.9	TypeⅡ	Axial	5	47.5
		8	5.4			8	15.9
		10	4.8			10	11.8
	Radial	5	12.5		Radial	5	62.7
		8	9.4			8	32.4
		10	8.9			10	3.2

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表 2 材料的物性参数

Table 2. Physical parameters of the material

Material	ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	C/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	λ/(W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)
Steel	7 850	480	43
Charge	1 809	1 012	0.49
Air	1.225	1 004	0.024 2

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表 3 反应动力学参数

Table 3. Reaction kinetic parameters of explosives

E/(J·mol⁻¹)	A/s⁻¹	Q/(J·kg⁻¹)	R/(J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹)
115820	2.030×10¹⁴	2.293×10⁶	8.314

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