分体式侵彻体斜侵彻钢靶的弹道稳定性数值模拟

吴翰林; 屈可朋; 沈飞; 周涛; 郭洪福; 谷鸿平

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200563

分体式侵彻体斜侵彻钢靶的弹道稳定性数值模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200563

西安近代化学研究所，陕西西安　710065

基金项目: 国家安全重大基础研究项目（05020501）

详细信息

作者简介:
吴翰林（1992－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事侵彻战斗部研究. E-mail：wuhanlin714@163.com

通讯作者:
周　涛（1979－），男，博士，研究员，主要从事毁伤技术及战斗部设计研究. E-mail：sflantian@163.com

中图分类号: TJ55; O385
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-28
- 修回日期: 2020-06-09
- 发布日期: 2020-07-25

Numerical Simulation of Ballistic Stability of Split Penetrator Penetrating Steel Target

Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为提升弹体侵彻钢靶的弹道稳定性，设计了一种分体式侵彻体，运用LS-DYNA数值模拟得到了分体式侵彻体以不同着速、15°着角斜侵彻14 mm厚单层圆钢靶的弹道变化规律，讨论了前导体头部厚度和前导体安装间隙对弹体俯仰角和弹道偏移的影响机制。结果表明：分体式侵彻体可有效提升侵彻弹道稳定性；着速为500～700 m/s时，前导体头部厚度越大，弹体俯仰角度和弹道偏移越小，着速为800 m/s时，前导体头部厚度适中的弹体俯仰角和弹道偏移最小；前导体安装间隙能在特定工况下减少8%～12%的弹道偏转。这是由于低速侵彻时前导体未完全破坏，应力波的衰减程度随头部厚度的增加而增加；高速侵彻时前导体逐渐破损至完全破坏，可以最大程度地吸收撞击能量，提升弹道稳定性的效果最佳。增加前导体安装间隙可提升低速侵彻或头部厚度较大的前导体的破损程度。
- 分体式侵彻体 /
- 斜侵彻 /
- 俯仰角 /
- 弹道偏移 /
- 弹道稳定性
Abstract: In order to improve the trajectory stability of the projectile penetrating the steel target, a split penetrator was designed. Through LS-DYNA simulation, the trajectory variation rule of the split penetrator penetrating 14 mm-thick single-layer round steel target at obliquely 15° and different speeds was obtained. The influence of both the thickness and the installation gap of the protective shell on the pitch angle and trajectory deviation of the projectile were also discussed. The results showed that the split penetrator can effectively improve the penetration trajectory stability. When the penetrator speed is 500–700 m/s, the greater the thickness of the protective shell head, the smaller the pitch angle of the projectile and the trajectory deviation. When the penetrator speed is 800 m/s, the deflection angle and trajectory deviation of the projectile with a moderate thickness of the protective shell keep at the minimum. Besides, the installation gap of the protective shell can reduce the deflection of the trajectory by 8%–12% under specific working conditions. This is because when penetrating at low speed, the protective shell is not completely destroyed, and the attenuation of the stress wave increases with the thickness of the head, while at high speed the protective shell is gradually broken to a complete destruction to absorb the impact energy to the greatest extent and improve to the best ballistic stability; By increasing the clearance of the protective shell installation, the damage of the protective shell with a thicker head or at low speed penetration can also be improved.
- split penetrator /
- oblique penetration /
- pitch angle /
- trajectory deviation /
- ballistic stability

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图 1 侵彻体形状示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of penetrator

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图 2 有限元模型示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of finite element model

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图 3 分体式侵彻体斜侵彻单层钢靶过程

Figure 3. Process of split penetrator obliquely penetrating a single-layer steel target

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图 4 分体式侵彻体与整体式侵彻体的俯仰角曲线对比

Figure 4. Comparison of pitch angles between split penetrator and integral penetrator

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图 5 分体式侵彻体与整体式侵彻体弹道偏移对比

Figure 5. Comparison of ballistic deviation between split penetrator and integral penetrator

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图 6 分体式侵彻体与整体式侵彻体在侵彻前期的受力云图

Figure 6. Stress nephograms of split penetrator and integral penetrator at the early stage

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图 7 前导体头部厚度不同时侵彻体俯仰角对比

Figure 7. Comparison of pitch angle of projector with different thicknesses of protective shell

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图 8 不同前导体头部厚度的侵彻体弹道偏移对比

Figure 8. Comparison of trajectory deviation of penetrator with different thicknesses of protective shell

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图 9 有无安装间隙的分体式侵彻体俯仰角对比曲线

Figure 9. Comparison curve of pitch angle of split penetrator with or without installation clearance

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图 10 有无安装间隙的分体式侵彻体弹道偏移对比曲线

Figure 10. Comparison curve of ballistic deviation of split penetrator with or without installation clearance

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表 1 侵彻体和靶板的Johnson-Cook材料参数

Table 1. Johnson-Cook parameters of penetrator and target plate

Component A/MPa B/MPa n C m ${T_{{ {\rm{m} } } } }$/K

Penetrator 1500 460 0.70 0.025 1.09 1793
Target 350 275 0.36 0.022 1.00 1795

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表 2 侵彻体和靶板的Grüneisen状态方程参数

Table 2. Parameters of Grüneisen equation of state for penetrator and target plate

Component ${\;\rho_0}$/(g·cm^–3) E/GPa S ${\gamma _0}$ $a$ c/(km·s^–1)

Penetrator 7.80 0 1.49 2.17 0.46 4.569
Target 7.85 0 2.20 1.93 0.46 4.440

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