极低温下Nb3Sn超导体单晶裂纹动态扩展模拟

王豪阳 卫颖 乔力

王豪阳, 卫颖, 乔力. 极低温下Nb3Sn超导体单晶裂纹动态扩展模拟[J]. 高压物理学报, 2022, 36(3): 034201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210884
引用本文: 王豪阳, 卫颖, 乔力. 极低温下Nb3Sn超导体单晶裂纹动态扩展模拟[J]. 高压物理学报, 2022, 36(3): 034201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210884
WANG Haoyang, WEI Ying, QIAO Li. Simulation of Dynamic Crack Propagation in Superconducting Nb3Sn at Extreme Low Temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2022, 36(3): 034201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210884
Citation: WANG Haoyang, WEI Ying, QIAO Li. Simulation of Dynamic Crack Propagation in Superconducting Nb3Sn at Extreme Low Temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2022, 36(3): 034201. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210884

极低温下Nb3Sn超导体单晶裂纹动态扩展模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210884
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11772212,11402159)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王豪阳(1998-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事电磁固体力学研究. E-mail:why18734584608@163.com

    通讯作者:

    乔 力(1984-),男,教授,主要从事微纳米尺度材料力学和电磁固体力学研究.E-mail:qiaoli@tyut.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: O511.3; O521.2

Simulation of Dynamic Crack Propagation in Superconducting Nb3Sn at Extreme Low Temperature

  • 摘要: 研究Nb3Sn超导体的损伤断裂行为对于揭示超导临界性能弱化背后的力学机制具有重要的意义。采用分子动力学模拟方法,研究了极低温下不含裂纹和含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶在力学拉伸变形作用下的断裂机制和裂纹扩展行为,同时分析了应变率效应对Nb3Sn单晶断裂机制与裂纹扩展行为的影响。结果表明:不含裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶在结构受力后出现滑移,滑移带上位错塞积导致应力集中,应力集中使原子键断裂从而萌生裂纹致使Nb3Sn单晶断裂;而含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶则由于裂纹尖端应力集中使得原子键断裂形成微裂纹,裂纹扩展致使Nb3Sn单晶断裂。Nb3Sn单晶在不同的应变率下表现出不同的断裂机制,在低应变率下表现为脆性断裂,而在高应变率下表现为韧性断裂。

     

  • 图  Nb3Sn的晶格结构

    Figure  1.  Lattice structure of Nb3Sn

    图  Nb3Sn单晶的分子动力学计算模型

    Figure  2.  Molecular dynamics simulation model of Nb3Sn single crystal

    图  300 K下不含裂纹和含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶拉伸应力-应变曲线

    Figure  3.  Tensile stress-strain curves of Nb3Sn single crystal without crack and with central crack at 300 K

    图  4.2 K下Nb3Sn单晶的拉伸应力-应变曲线

    Figure  4.  Tensile stress-strain curves of Nb3Sn single crystal at 4.2 K

    图  4.2 K下不含裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶的原子结构演化

    Figure  5.  Atomic structure evolution of Nb3Sn single crystal without crack at 4.2 K

    图  4.2 K下含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶的原子结构演化

    Figure  6.  Atomic structure evolution of Nb3Sn single crystal with central crack at 4.2 K

    图  4.2 K下不含裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶在拉伸方向的原子应力云图

    Figure  7.  Atomic stress distribution of Nb3Sn single crystal without crack at 4.2 K

    图  4.2 K下含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶在拉伸方向的原子应力云图

    Figure  8.  Atomic stress distribution of Nb3Sn single crystal with central crack at 4.2 K

    图  4.2 K不同应变率下Nb3Sn单晶的拉伸应力-应变曲线

    Figure  9.  Tensile stress-strain curves of Nb3Sn single crystal under different strain rates at 4.2 K

    图  10  应变率为5×109 s−1时不含裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶的原子结构演化

    Figure  10.  Atomic structure evolution in Nb3Sn single crystal without crack at strain rate of 5×109 s−1

    图  11  应变率为1×1010 s−1时不含裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶的原子结构演化

    Figure  11.  Atomic structure evolution in Nb3Sn single crystal without crack at strain rate of 1×1010 s−1

    图  12  应变率为5×109 s−1时含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶的原子结构演化

    Figure  12.  Atomic structure evolution in Nb3Sn single crystal with central crack at strain rate of 5×109 s−1

    图  13  应变率为1×1010 s−1时含中心裂纹的Nb3Sn单晶的原子结构演化

    Figure  13.  Atomic structure evolution in Nb3Sn single crystal with central crack at strain rate of 1×1010 s−1

    图  14  不同应变率下应力峰值处的原子应力云图

    Figure  14.  Atomic stress distribution at stress peak under different strain rates

    表  1  Nb3Sn单晶的弹性常数和晶格常数

    Table  1.   Elastic constants and lattice constant of Nb3Sn single crystal

    MethodC11/GPaC12/GPaC44/GPaa
    This work284.10 95.8453.765.21
    First principle284.32107.7067.075.32
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-28
  • 修回日期:  2021-12-02
  • 刊出日期:  2022-05-30

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