不同类型装药侵彻安全性数值模拟

白晨; 杨昆; 吴艳青; 高洪泉; 薛海蛟

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20210754

不同类型装药侵彻安全性数值模拟

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20210754

白晨^1,,
杨昆¹,
吴艳青^1,*, ,,
高洪泉²,
薛海蛟¹

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京　100081
2.
火箭军研究院，北京　100094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11872119）；博士后科学基金（BX20200046，2020M680394）

详细信息

作者简介:
白　晨（1997－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事弹药安全性研究. E-mail：906587639@qq.com

通讯作者:
吴艳青（1974－），女，博士，教授，主要从事高能炸药细观力学研究. E-mail：wuyqing@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O341; TJ55
计量
- 文章访问数: 818
- HTML全文浏览量: 541
- PDF下载量: 72
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-27
- 修回日期: 2021-04-16

Numerical Simulation for PBX Charges Safety of Different Types During Penetration

1.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Academy of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究侵彻过程典型装药的力学响应和损伤点火过程，采用高聚物黏结炸药微裂纹-微孔洞力热化学耦合细观模型，对侵彻过程中PBX装药的力学响应、应力波传播情况和损伤-温升机理进行了研究，标定了两类炸药的本构模型参数，对比分析了压装PBX04和浇注GOFL-5两类装药的力学-损伤-温升响应的差异性。结果表明：GOFL-5炸药的屈服强度、硬化模量、初始微裂纹密度和微裂纹尺寸均小于PBX04炸药；加载初期，压装药头部微裂纹损伤高于浇注药；整个侵彻过程中，两类炸药的微裂纹损伤较严重区域均为装药头部和尾部；剪切裂纹热点为压装药主导的温升机制，且浇注药GOFL-5在侵彻过程中的温升较压装药PBX04更低。
- PBX炸药 /
- 弹体侵彻 /
- 微裂纹-微孔洞模型 /
- 装药安全性
Abstract: In order to analyze the mechanical response and damage-ignition process of typical explosive charges in projectiles during penetrating concrete targets, the combined microcrack and microvoid model (CMM) were used to investigate the compressive wave propagation, damage and temperature rise mechanism of PBX charge in penetration process. The constitutive model parameters of two kinds of explosives were calibrated. Meanwhile, the difference between two typical PBXs (pressed PBX04 and casted GOFL-5) in response to penetration process is compared. The results show that, the yield strength, hardening modulus, initial microcrack density and microcrack size of GOFL-5 are lower than those of PBX04. The damage of microcrack in the head of PBX04 is higher than that of GOFL-5 in the initial loading stage. During the whole penetration process, the most serious microcrack damage areas of the two kinds of explosives are the head and tail. Shear-crack hotspot is the dominated ignition mechanism for PBX04, and the temperature rise of GOFL-5 is lower than that of PBX04.
- PBX explosive /
- projectile penetration /
- microcrack-microvoid model /
- charge safety

HTML全文

图 1 CMM模型所考虑的微缺陷演化机制与变形机制示意图

Figure 1. Conceptual diagram of all kinds of considered mechanisms in the current model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 计算与实验得到的两类炸药在不同应变率下的应力-应变曲线

Figure 2. Calculated and experimental stress-strain curves of two kinds of explosives at different strain rates

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 有限元计算模型

Figure 3. Finite element calculation model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 压装药PBX04的压力演化情况

Figure 4. Pressure evolution of PBX04

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 浇注药GOFL-5的压力演化情况

Figure 5. Pressure evolution of GOFL-5

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同时刻两类炸药微裂纹损伤演化情况

Figure 6. Evolution of microcrack damage of two kinds of explosives

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同时刻两类炸药的微孔洞损伤演化

Figure 7. Evolution of microvoid damage of two kinds of explosives

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同时刻PBX04中微裂纹与微孔洞相关热点温度曲线

Figure 8. Microcrack and microvoid related hotspot temperature evolution curves for PBX04

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同时刻GOFL-5中微裂纹与微孔洞相关热点温度曲线

Figure 9. Microcrack and microvoid related hotspot temperature evolution curves for GOFL-5

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 微裂纹不同扩展形态示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of different propagation patterns of microcracks

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 PBX04装药中不同位置的微裂纹状态频率分布

Figure 11. Frequency distribution of microcracks state in different positions of PBX04 charge

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 GOFL-5与PBX04材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters for GOFL-5 and PBX04

Material	$\;\rho $₀/(kg·m⁻³)	G/GPa	$\nu$	G₁/MPa		G₂/MPa	G₃/MPa	G₄/MPa	G₅/MPa	${\tau{_1^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$
GOFL-5	1 750	0.55	0.3	167		30.45	90.03	185.6	120.0	0
PBX04	1 820	8.25	0.3	1 940		1 175.00	1 521.00	1 909.0	1 688.0	0

Material	${\tau{_2^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$	${\tau{_3^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$	${\tau{_4^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$	${\tau{_5^{-1} } } /{\rm{s} }{^{-1} }$		$\sigma{{_0}}$/MPa	C	h/MPa	n	${\bar c}$₀/μm
GOFL-5	7.32 × 10³	7.32 × 10⁴	7.32 × 10⁵	7.32 × 10⁶		2.2	0.76	4.5	0.45	30
PBX04	9.00 × 10³	9.00 × 10⁴	9.00 × 10⁵	2.00 × 10⁶		40.0	0.10	1500.0	1.00	30

Material	N₀/cm⁻³	$\bar \gamma $/(J·m⁻²)	${\dot c_{\max }}$/(m·s^–1)	$\;\mu_{\rm{s}}$	m	f₀/(m·s^–1)	k_w	c₀/(m·s^–1)	s	$\varGamma $
GOFL-5	3	0.5	300	0.3	5.0	0.01	2.0	1 000	0.46	0.89
PBX04	300	1.4	300	0.5	5.0	0.01	2.0	2 500	2.26	1.50

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 弹体材料参数

Table 2. Parameters of projectile material

Physical properties					Johnson-Cook model
$\;\rho $/(g·cm⁻³)	c/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	$\kappa $/(kW·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)	$\alpha $/(m·K⁻¹)	T_m/℃	G/GPa	N	M
7.82	478	38.11	3.24 × 10⁻⁵	1 793.15	774.97	0.26	1.03

下载: 导出CSV

Johnson-Cook model				Damage model
C₁/MPa	C₂/MPa	C₃	C₄	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
792.21	509.52	1.4	0	–0.8	2.1	–0.5	20.0	0.61

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 混凝土靶板材料参数

Table 3. Material parameters of concrete plate target

Physical properties				HJC model
$\;\rho $/(g·cm⁻³)	c/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	κ/(kW·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)	α/(m·K⁻¹)	G/GPa	F_C/MPa	A	B	N	C
2.28	654	1.76	4.32 × 10⁻⁵	16.40	40.68	0.75	1.65	0.76	7.0 × 10⁻³

下载: 导出CSV

HJC model							Damage model
p_C/MPa	U_C	p_L/GPa	U_L	K₁/GPa	K₂/GPa	K₃/GPa	D₁	D₂	$\varepsilon $_min
13.56	5.80 × 10⁻⁴	1.05	0.10	17.40	38.80	29.80	0.03	1.0	0.01

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(21)

[1]	唐明峰, 李明, 蓝林钢. 浇注PBX力学性能的研究进展 [J]. 含能材料, 2013, 21(6): 812–817. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2013.06.024 TANG M F, LI M, LAN L G. Review on the mechanical properties of cast PBXs [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2013, 21(6): 812–817. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2013.06.024
[2]	李媛媛, 南海. 国外浇注PBX炸药在硬目标侵彻武器中的应用 [J]. 飞航导弹, 2012(11): 88–91. LI Y Y, NAN H. Application of foreign casting PBX explosive in hard target penetration weapons [J]. Cruise Missile, 2012(11): 88–91.
[3]	吴会民, 卢芳云, 卢力, 等. 三种含能材料力学行为应变率效应的实验研究 [J]. 含能材料, 2004, 12(4): 40–43. WU H M, LU F Y, LU L, et al. Experimental studies on strain rate effects of mechanical behaviors of energetic materials [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2004, 12(4): 40–43.
[4]	韩小平, 张元冲, 沈亚鹏, 等. Comp. B复合炸药动态压缩力学性能和本构关系的研究 [J]. 实验力学, 1996, 11(3): 303–310. HAN X P, ZHANG Y C, SHEN Y P, et al. Dynamic behavior and constitutive model of Comp. B explosive [J]. Journal of Experimental Mechanics, 1996, 11(3): 303–310.
[5]	罗景润. PBX的损伤、断裂及本构关系研究[D]. 绵阳: 中国工程物理研究院, 2001. LUO J R. Study on damage, fracture and constitutive relation of PBX [D]. Mianyang: China Academy of Engineering Physics, 2001.
[6]	MA X, LI X G, ZHENG X X, et al. Weak shock loadings induce potential hot spots formation around an intergranular pore [J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2017, 121(11): 115102. doi: 10.1063/1.4978355
[7]	MA X, LI X G, ZHENG X X, et al. Crack initiation and potential hot-spot formation around a cylindrical defect under dynamic compression [J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2017, 122(18): 185104. doi: 10.1063/1.4998679
[8]	李英雷, 李大红, 胡时胜, 等. TATB钝感炸药本构关系的实验研究 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 1999, 19(4): 353–359. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1455.1999.04.011 LI Y L, LI D H, HU S S, et al. Experimental study on constitutive relation of TATB insensitive explosive [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 1999, 19(4): 353–359. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1455.1999.04.011
[9]	李俊玲, 卢芳云, 傅华, 等. 某PBX炸药的动态力学性能研究 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2011, 25(2): 159–164. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2011.02.012 LI J L, LU F Y, FU H, et al. Research on the dynamic behavior of a PBX explosive [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2011, 25(2): 159–164. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2011.02.012
[10]	TAN H. The cohesive law of particle/binder interfaces in solid propellants [J]. Progress in Propulsion Physics, 2011, 2: 59–66.
[11]	WANG J C, LUO J R. Predicting the effective elastic properties of polymer bonded explosives based on micromechanical methods [J]. Journal of Energetic Materials, 2018, 36(2): 211–222. doi: 10.1080/07370652.2017.1354098
[12]	BENELFEKKAH A, FRACHON A, GRATTON M, et al. Analytical and numerical comparison of discrete damage models with induced anisotropy [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2014, 121/122: 28–39. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.03.022
[13]	PICART D, BENELFELLAH A, BRIGOLLE J L, et al. Characterization and modeling of the anisotropic damage of a high-explosive composition [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2014, 131: 525–537. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2014.09.009
[14]	张馨予, 吴艳青, 黄风雷. PBX装药弹体侵彻混凝土薄板的数值模拟 [J]. 含能材料, 2018, 26(1): 101–108. doi: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2018.01.013 ZHANG X Y, WU Y Q, HUANG F L. Numerical simulation on the dynamic damage of PBX charges filled in projectiles during penetrating thin concrete targets [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2018, 26(1): 101–108. doi: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2018.01.013
[15]	石啸海, 余春祥, 戴开达, 等. 侵彻过程中弹头形状对PBX炸药损伤的影响 [J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2019, 39(3): 81–85. SHI X H, YU C X, DAI K D, et al. The influence of nose shape to dynamic damage of PBX charge during the penetration process [J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2019, 39(3): 81–85.
[16]	石啸海, 戴开达, 陈鹏万, 等. 战斗部侵彻过程中PBX装药动态损伤数值模拟 [J]. 中国测试, 2016, 42(10): 138–142. doi: 10.11857/j.issn.1674-5124.2016.10.026 SHI X H, DAI K D, CHEN P W, et al. Numerical simulation of dynamic damage of PBX charge during the warhead penetration process [J]. China Measurement and Test, 2016, 42(10): 138–142. doi: 10.11857/j.issn.1674-5124.2016.10.026
[17]	成丽蓉, 汪德武, 贺元吉. 侵彻单层和多层靶时战斗部装药损伤及热点生成机理研究 [J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(1): 32–39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.01.004 CHENG L R, WANG D W, HE Y J. Research on the damage and hot-spot generation in explosive charges during penetration into single- or multi-layer target [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(1): 32–39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.01.004
[18]	LI X, LIU Y Z, SUN Y. Dynamic mechanical damage and non-shock initiation of a new polymer bonded explosive during penetration [J]. Polymers, 2020, 12(6): 1342. doi: 10.3390/polym12061342
[19]	YANG K, WU Y Q, HUANG F L. Damage and hotspot formation simulation for impact-shear loaded PBXs using combined microcrack and microvoid model [J]. European Journal of Mechanics-A/Solids, 2020, 80: 103924. doi: 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2019.103924
[20]	YANG K, WU Y Q, HUANG F L. Microcrack and microvoid dominated damage behaviors for polymer bonded explosives under different dynamic loading conditions [J]. Mechanics of Materials, 2019, 137: 103130. doi: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2019.103130
[21]	DANCYGIER A N. Concrete strength effect on penetration and perforation resistance to impact of non-deforming projectiles [C]//8th International Symposium on Plasticity and Impact Mechanics. Delhi, India, 2003: 826–832.