轴向压缩下圆柱形动力锂离子电池的性能

李梦; 柳小伟; 张舒; 宋辉; 王根伟; 王彬

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200647

轴向压缩下圆柱形动力锂离子电池的性能

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200647

李梦^{1, 2,},
柳小伟^{1, 2},
张舒^{1, 2},
宋辉^{1, 2},
王根伟^{1, 2,*, ,},
王彬^{1, 3}

1.
太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院应用力学研究所，山西太原　030024
2.
材料强度与结构冲击山西省重点实验室，山西太原　030024
3.
伦敦布鲁内尔大学机械与航空工程系，英国伦敦　UB83PH

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11872265）；山西省自然科学基金（201901D111087）

详细信息

作者简介:
李　梦（1994－），女，硕士研究生，主要从事动力电池安全性究. E-mail：2795997261@qq.com

通讯作者:
王根伟（1974－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事冲击动力学研究. E-mail：gwang@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347
计量
- 文章访问数: 3972
- HTML全文浏览量: 1449
- PDF下载量: 24
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-03
- 修回日期: 2020-12-24

Performance of Cylindrical Power Lithium-Ion Battery under Axial Compression

LI Meng^{1, 2
,},
LIU Xiaowei^{1, 2},
ZHANG Shu^{1, 2},
SONG Hui^{1, 2},
WANG Genwei^{1, 2,*
, ,},
WANG Bin^{1, 3}

1.
Institute of Applied Mechanics, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Material Strength and Structure Impact in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
3.
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, London Brunel University, London UB83PH, UK

摘要

摘要: 动力电池的安全问题制约了电动汽车的推广和发展，轴向压缩是锂离子电池的一种重要的破坏工况。通过实验方法，研究了18650锂离子电池在轴向压缩载荷下的安全性能，探讨了荷电状态分别为60%、80%、100%时电池的载荷、电压、温度的变化特征，分析了轴向压缩载荷下电池的失效过程。研究表明：轴向压缩过程中电压均出现特有的台阶式下降，极限载荷和温度骤升几乎同时发生；电池正极的凹槽结构诱导电池在靠近正极的侧面破裂。对比轴向压缩实验和径向平板压缩实验发现，动力电池轴向压缩热失控程度弱于径向平板压缩。
- 圆柱形动力锂离子电池 /
- 轴向压缩 /
- 安全性能 /
- 失效模式
Abstract: The safety of power batteries have always restricted the promotion and development of electric vehicles. The axial compression of batteries is an important issue leading to damage. The safety performance of 18650 lithium-ion battery under axial compression was studied by experiments. The characters of load, voltage and temperature of batteries with state of charge of 60%, 80%, and 100% were discussed, and the failure process of the battery under axial compression was analyzed. It was found that the voltage during the axial compression process showed a unique stepped drop, the maximum load and a sudden temperature increase occurred almost simultaneously; the local groove structure of the positive induced the battery to rupture near the positive. Comparing the batteries in axial compression with the batteries of the radial two-plate compression, it was found that the thermal runaway of power battery in axial compression is weaker than that in radial two-plate compression.
- cylindrical power lithium-ion battery /
- axial compression /
- safety properties /
- failure mode

HTML全文

图 1 18650锂离子电池的CT图像

Figure 1. CT image of 18650 lithium-ion battery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同加载速度下100% SOC电池的载荷-位移曲线

Figure 2. Load-displacement curves of 100% SOC battery at different loading speeds

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 100% SOC电池的载荷、电压、温度-位移曲线

Figure 3. Load-, voltage- and temperature-displacementcurves of the 100% SOC battery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 60%和80% SOC电池的载荷、电压、温度-位移曲线

Figure 4. Load-，voltage- and temperature-displacement curves of 60% and 80% SOC battery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同SOC电池的峰值力

Figure 5. Peak force of batteries with different SOCs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同SOC电池的最高温度

Figure 6. Maximum temperature of batterieswith different SOCs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 100% SOC电池的载荷、温度-位移曲线

Figure 7. Load-, temperature-displacementcurves of the 100% SOC battery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 轴向压缩过程中的电池及其红外成像(a)～(g)以及破坏后的电池实物(h)

Figure 8. Infrared images and photos of the battery during axial compression (a)–(g) and the battery after destruction (h)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 18650锂离子电池正极端（a）及CT图像（b）

Figure 9. Positive electrode of 18650 lithium-ion battery (a) and CT image (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(21)

[1]	闫建涛. 多国将传统燃油车禁售提上日程:能源替代竞争压力冲击石油行业 [J]. 国际石油经济, 2018, 26(1): 16–17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-7298.2018.01.006 YAN J T. Many countries put the ban on the sale of traditional fuel vehicles on the agenda:the pressure of energy substitution and competition hits the oil industry [J]. International Petroleum Economics, 2018, 26(1): 16–17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-7298.2018.01.006
[2]	国务院印发《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》 [J]. 现代城市研究, 2018(8): 131. The State Council issued《three-year action plan to fight air pollution》 [J]. Modern Urban Research, 2018(8): 131.
[3]	王萌萌. 国务院办公厅印发《新能源汽车产业发展规划(2021-2035年)》 [EB/OL]. 新华网 (2020-11-02)[2020-12-03]. http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2020-11/02/c_1126688263.htm.
[4]	王炬鹏. 全国私家车保有量首次突破2亿辆新能源汽车保有量达381万辆 [EB/OL]. 中国经济网(2020-01-07)[2020-12-03]. http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/gdxw/202001/07/t20200107_34064649.shtml.
[5]	XIA Y, WIERZBICKI T, SAHRAEI E, et al. Damage of cells and battery packs due to ground impact [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 267: 78–97. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.078
[6]	ZHU J E, ZHANG X W, SAHRAEI E, et al. Deformation and failure mechanisms of 18650 battery cells under axial compression [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 336: 332–340. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.10.064
[7]	杨威. 车用动力电池包底部碰撞安全性分析[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2019. YANG W. Safety analysis of bottom crash of vehicle power battery pack [D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2019.
[8]	XU J, LIU B H, HU D Y. State of charge dependent mechanical integrity behavior of 18650 lithium-ion batteries [J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6: 21829. doi: 10.1038/srep21829
[9]	XU J, LIU B H, WANG X Y, et al. Computational model of 18650 lithium-ion battery with coupled strain rate and SOC dependencies [J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 172: 180–189. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.108
[10]	XU J, JIA Y, LIU B, et al. Coupling effect of state-of-health and state-of-charge on the mechanical integrity of lithium-ion batteries [J]. Experimental Mechanics, 2018, 58(4): 633–643. doi: 10.1007/s11340-018-0380-9
[11]	HAO W F, YUAN Z R, XU Y Z, et al. Damage analysis of cylindrical lithium-ion cells under three-points bending using acoustic emission [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2019, 444: 227323. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227323
[12]	DIXON B, MASON A, SAHRAEI E. Effects of electrolyte, loading rate and location of indentation on mechanical integrity of li-ion pouch cells [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 396: 412–420. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.06.042
[13]	GAO Z H, ZHANG X T, XIAO Y, et al. Influence of coupling of overcharge state and short-term cycle on the mechanical integrity behavior of 18650 Li-ion batteries subject to lateral compression [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018, 43(10): 5261–5271. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.01.150
[14]	GAO Z H, ZHANG X T, XIAO Y, et al. Influence of low-temperature charge on the mechanical integrity behavior of 18650 lithium-ion battery cells subject to lateral compression [J]. Energies, 2019, 12(5): 797. doi: 10.3390/en12050797
[15]	张晓婷. 圆柱型锂离子电池单体在径向挤压载荷下的力学响应特性研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2019. ZHANG X T. Study of the mechanical response characteristics of cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell subject to radial compression [D]. Changchun: Jinlin University, 2019.
[16]	KISTERS T, SAHRAEI E, WIERZBICKI T. Dynamic impact tests on lithium-ion cells [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2017, 108: 205–216. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2017.04.025
[17]	XIA Y, CHEN G H, ZHOU Q, et al. Failure behaviours of 100% SOC lithium-ion battery modules under different impact loading conditions [J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2017, 82: 149–160. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.09.003
[18]	ZHU J E, LUO H L, LI W, et al. Mechanism of strengthening of battery resistance under dynamic loading [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2019, 131: 78–84. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.05.003
[19]	黄睿. 轴向载荷下泡沫铝填充薄壁金属管吸能特性的研究[D]. 太原: 太原理工大学, 2015. HUANG R. Study on energy absorption properties of thin-walled metal tubes filled with aluminum foam under axial load [D]. Taiyuan: Taiyuan University of Technology, 2015.
[20]	ZHAO Y P. Suggestion of a new dimensionless number for dynamic plastic response of beams and plates [J]. Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv), 1998, 68(7/8): 524–538. doi: 10.1007/s004190050184
[21]	范文杰, 薛鹏程, 王根伟, 等. 压缩载荷作用下锂离子电池的安全性能 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2019, 33(6): 065901. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20190752 FAN W J, XUE P C, WANG G W, et al. Safety performance of power lithium ion battery under compressive load [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2019, 33(6): 065901. doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20190752