新型薄壁管耐撞性分析及优化设计

尹华伟; 王陈凌; 段金曦; 刘利民

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20200624

新型薄壁管耐撞性分析及优化设计

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20200624

尹华伟^{1, 2,},
王陈凌¹,
段金曦³,
刘利民⁴

1.
湖南大学土木工程学院，湖南长沙　410082
2.
湖南湖大土木建筑工程检测有限公司，湖南长沙　410082
3.
国防科学技术大学指挥军官基础教育学院，湖南长沙　410072
4.
湖南泽天传感科技有限公司，湖南长沙　410131

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0701405）

详细信息

作者简介:
尹华伟（1972－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事爆炸与冲击动力学研究. E-mail：yhwzzy@163.com

中图分类号: O347.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-09
- 修回日期: 2020-12-14

Crashworthiness Analysis and Optimization Design of New Thin-Walled Tube

1.
College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
2.
Civil Engineering Inspection and Test Limited Company of Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
3.
College of Basic Education, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410072, Hunan, China
4.
Hunan Zetian Sensing Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410131, Hunan, China

摘要

摘要: 采用LS-DYNA仿真软件对新型薄壁管在轴向冲击荷载作用下进行了数值模拟，分析了上端薄壁圆管长度和波纹型诱导槽半径对其耐撞性及变形模式的影响，并与普通薄壁圆管进行比较。结果表明：当上端薄壁圆管长度及波纹形诱导槽半径设计合理时，新型薄壁管在压溃阶段的最大峰值压溃力、比吸能以及变形模式相比于普通薄壁圆管更优异。为了获得更好吸能效果的新型薄壁管，以其比吸能和最大峰值压溃力为优化指标，以上端薄壁圆管长度和波纹形诱导槽半径为动态变量，建立了新型薄壁管多目标优化方案。基于Kriging法构造了目标近似函数，同时结合NSGA-Ⅱ算法求解了多目标优化问题。
- LS-DYNA /
- 新型薄壁管 /
- 耐撞性 /
- 变形模式 /
- 优化设计
Abstract: Numerical simulation of the new thin-walled tube under the axial impact load was obtained by using LS-DYNA. The effects of the length of the upper thin-walled circular tube and the radius of the corrugated inducing groove on its crashworthiness and deformation mode were analyzed, and compared with the ordinary thin-walled circular tube. The results show that when the length of the upper thin-walled circular tube and the radius of the corrugated inducing groove are designed reasonably, the maximum peak crushing force, specific energy absorption and deformation mode of the new thin-walled tube in the crushing stage are superior to those the ordinary thin-walled circular tube. In order to obtain the new thin-walled tube with a better energy absorption effect, a multi-objective optimization scheme was built by using specific energy absorption and the maximum peak crushing force as optimization indicators, and the length of the upper thin-walled circular tube and the radius of the corrugated inducing groove as variables. The objective approximate functions were constructed based on the Kriging method, and the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem.
- LS-DYNA /
- new thin-walled tube /
- crashworthiness /
- deformation mode /
- optimization design

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图 1 新型薄壁管示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the new thin-walled tube

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图 2 高强度钢有效应力-应变曲线

Figure 2. Stress-strain characteristic of high-strength steel

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图 3 网格灵敏度分析

Figure 3. Mesh sensitivity analysis

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图 4 压溃力-位移的实测值与计算值

Figure 4. Force-displacement curves of experiment and simulation

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图 5 新型薄壁管的3种代表性变形模式

Figure 5. Three representative deformation modes of new thin-walled tubes

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图 6 变形模式分布

Figure 6. Classification of the deformation modes

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图 7 h₀r₀和h₂₅r_1.0在不同时刻下变形模式的比较

Figure 7. Comparison of deformation modes of h₀r₀ and h₂₅r_1.0 at different time

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图 8 压溃力-位移曲线

Figure 8. Force-displacement curves

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图 9 新型薄壁管h₄₀r_0.5和h₂₀r_1.0的压溃过程

Figure 9. Crushing processes of h₄₀r_0.5 and h₂₀r_1.0

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图 10 h₀r₀和h₂₅r_2.0的压溃力及比吸能的比较

Figure 10. Comparisons of crushing force and S_EA between h₀r₀ and h₂₅r_2.0

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图 11 新型薄壁管及薄壁圆管耐撞性评价指标柱状图

Figure 11. Histogram of crashworthiness evaluation indexes for thin-walled tubes

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图 12 Kriging近似模型响应面

Figure 12. Response surface of Kriging approximate model

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图 13 新型薄壁管比吸能-最大峰值压溃力的Pareto前沿

Figure 13. Pareto front of S_EA and F_max of new thin-walled tubes

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表 1 实验试件几何参数及实验细节

Table 1. Geometric parameters of the specimen and the test details

Type	Length/mm	Thickness/mm	Diameter/mm	Impact mass/kg	Impact velocity/（m·s⁻¹）	Impact energy/kJ
HS-10	90	0.8	31	200	5.48	3
HS-11	90	0.8	31	100	7.75	3

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表 2 有限元分析结果与实验值对比

Table 2. Comparisons of experimental results and calculated results

Type	Maximum peak crushing force			Energy absorption				Crushing displacement
Type	Exp./kN	Calc./kN	Error/%		Exp./kJ	Calc./kJ	Error/%	Exp./mm	Calc./mm	Error/%
HS-10	114.0	113.2	0.7		2.93	2.92	0.3	66.2	64.2	3.0
HS-11	116.0	114.1	1.6		2.94	2.91	1.0	65.8	63.3	3.8

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表 3 响应面模型精度评估

Table 3. Accuracy evaluations of the response surface model

Index	R²	RMSE	RE
S_EA	0.9967	0.0476	[–0.0476，0.0464]
F_max	0.9814	0.0518	[–0.0362，0.0437]

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表 4 优化结果、仿真结果和原模型的对比

Table 4. Comparison of optimized results, calculated results and results of original model

Method	h₁/mm	r/mm	S_EA/(J·g⁻¹）	F_max/kN
Optimized	30.21	1.39	67.53	109.63
Calculated	30.21	1.39	68.23	111.98
Original model	0	0	62.42	123.89

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