Numerical Simulation of Radial Impact on Sunflower-Like Sandwich Cylindrical Shell
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摘要: 金属薄壁结构由于其优异的轻质性和耐撞性，一直被广泛地应用在汽车、飞机和火车等交通工具的碰撞动能耗散系统中。以一种类向日葵薄壁夹芯吸能结构为研究对象，研究了在瓣尖压和瓣间压两种径向冲击载荷下，类向日葵薄壁夹芯结构的变形模式、能量吸收能力、比吸能和平均压缩力。结果表明，类向日葵薄壁夹芯结构的壁厚、花瓣数、加载速度以及加载方向都会对结构的耐撞性产生一定的影响。在质量恒定条件下，随着外壳厚度的增加，瓣尖压冲击方式下薄壁结构的吸能效率降低，瓣间压比瓣尖压的比吸能最高多出了44.6%。随着花瓣数的变化，金属薄壁结构的吸能效率存在一个最优值。Abstract: Because of their excellent lightness and crashworthiness, metal thin-walled structures have been widely used in the collision kinetic energy dissipation system of vehicles such as automobiles, airplanes and trains. In this paper, the deformation mode, energy absorption capacity, specific energy absorption and average compression force of sunflower thin-wall sandwich structure under radial impact load in two directions are studied. The results show that the wall thickness, the number of petals, the loading speed and the loading direction of the thin-wall sandwich structure of sunflower have certain effects on the impact resistance of the structure. Under the condition of constant mass, with the increase of the thickness of the outer shell, the energy absorption efficiency of the thin-walled structure under the tip pressure is reduced. The specific energy absorption under gap side pressure was 44.6% higher than that under tip side pressure. With the change of the number of petals, the energy absorption efficiency of thin-walled metal structure has an optimal value.
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Key words:
- metal thin-walled structure /
- energy /
- radial compression /
- simulation
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图 2 两种加载方式下不同位移对应的变形云图
Figure 2. Deformation nephogram under two loading modes at different displacements
图 4 不同冲击速度、不同外壳壁厚条件下类向日葵夹芯结构的SEA和MCF
Figure 4. SEA and MCF of sunflower sandwich structure with different wall thicknesses at different impact velocities
图 6 不同冲击速度、不同花瓣数下类向日葵夹芯结构的SEA和MCF
Figure 6. SEA and MCF of sunflower sandwich structure with various numbers of petals at different impact velocities
表 1 冲击速度v = 20 m/s下的SEA和MCF
Table 1. SEA and MCF at v = 20 m/s
t/mm SEA/(J·g−1) MCF/N Increase ratio/% TSP GSP TSP GSP 0.8 2.89 4.45 94.40 145.34 35.05 0.9 2.68 4.08 87.43 133.23 34.31 1.0 2.66 4.46 86.90 145.84 40.36 1.1 2.31 4.17 75.33 136.18 44.60 1.2 2.28 3.51 74.42 114.79 35.04 
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表 2 冲击速度v = 30 m/s下的SEA和MCF
Table 2. SEA and MCF at v = 30 m/s
t/mm SEA/(J·g−1) MCF/N Increase ratio/% TSP GSP TSP GSP 0.8 3.07 4.83 100.26 157.66 36.44 0.9 2.87 4.64 93.87 151.72 38.15 1.0 2.84 4.81 92.76 157.25 40.96 1.1 2.63 4.67 85.89 152.42 43.68 1.2 2.46 3.74 80.29 122.14 34.22
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表 3 冲击速度v = 50 m/s下的SEA和MCF
Table 3. SEA and MCF at v = 50 m/s
t/mm SEA/(J·g−1) MCF/N Increase ratio/% TSP GSP TSP GSP 0.8 4.08 5.27 133.24 172.06 22.58 0.9 3.83 5.08 125.23 165.85 24.61 1.0 3.61 5.40 117.93 176.28 33.15 1.1 3.43 4.79 112.05 156.44 28.39 1.2 3.39 4.67 110.81 152.41 27.41
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