水下爆炸强冲击波与平板结构相互作用的理论分析方法

罗泽立; 周章涛; 毛海斌; 刘建湖

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2017.04.013

水下爆炸强冲击波与平板结构相互作用的理论分析方法

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.04.013

中国船舶科学研究中心，江苏无锡 214082

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 51409234

详细信息

作者简介:
罗泽立(1989—), 男，助理工程师，主要从事水下爆炸动力学研究.E-mail:luozeli@126.com

通讯作者:
周章涛(1984—), 男，工程师，主要从事水下爆炸动力学研究.E-mail:zhzht521@126.com

中图分类号: O383.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-01-11
- 修回日期: 2017-03-12

Theoretical Analysis of the Interaction between the Plate Structure and Strong Shock Wave in Underwater Explosion

China Ship Scientific Research Center, Wuxi214082, China

摘要

摘要: 针对水下爆炸一维强冲击波与平板结构的瞬态流固问题开展研究，综合考虑流体和结构材料的可压缩性，引入状态方程建立强冲击波在板表面反射后的波阵面参数关系，得到板表面的反射系数。然后依据动量守恒定律建立平板的运动方程，求解得到板表面的壁压及板的速度时程，形成了水下爆炸强冲击波与平板结构相互作用的理论分析方法。在此基础上给出了强冲击波与平板相互作用的冲量传递比近似估算公式。最后开展平板结构的近距及接触水下爆炸实验，并结合数值计算对理论方法进行验证。结果表明，建立的理论方法与实验及数值模拟结果吻合良好，为水下近距爆炸强冲击波与结构的相互作用分析提供了理论基础。
- 水下爆炸 /
- 流固耦合 /
- 强冲击波 /
- 雨贡纽曲线
Abstract: To investigate the fluid-structure interaction of the one-dimensional strong shock wave with the plate, we took the compressibility of fluid and structural material into account and, by introducing state of equation of water and structural material into our theoretical analysis, obtained the reflected wave front parameter and reflection coefficient.Then, we established the motion equation of the plate according to the law of conservation of momentum and calculated the plate's wall pressure and velocity histories.Furthermore, on the basis of these results, we came up with an approximate formula for estimating the impulse transfer ratio of the interaction between the strong shock wave and the plate.Finally, we verified the theoretical approach to the shock-structure interaction by carrying out an underwater explosion experiment accompanied with numerical calculation.The results show that the theoretical method proposed here is in good agreement with experimental and numerical results.The method provides a theoretical basis for research on problems of close-in underwater explosion acting on the broadside structure.
- underwater explosion /
- fluid-structure interaction /
- strong shock wave /
- Hugoniot curve

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图 1 入射冲击波和反射冲击波示意图

Figure 1. Incident wave and reflected wave

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图 2 冲击波在固壁上的反射

Figure 2. Shock wave reflection from a fixed rigid wall

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图 3 冲击波入射的曲线

Figure 3. p-u curve of shock

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图 4 强冲击波反射系数拟合

Figure 4. Fitted reflection coefficient

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图 5 强冲击波反射系数

Figure 5. Reflection coefficient of shock

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图 6 冲击波与平板的相互作用

Figure 6. Interaction of shock wave and plate

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图 7 强冲击波冲量传递比与β_s的关系

Figure 7. Relative impulse transmission vs. β_s

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图 8 药包、实验板及测点布置

Figure 8. Diagram of charge, plate and gauging points

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图 9 计算模型示意

Figure 9. Schematic of numerical model

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图 10 测点速度时程对比

Figure 10. Tested and simulated velocity histories

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图 11 测点壁压时程对比

Figure 11. Tested and simulated wall pressures

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图 12 有限元模型示意

Figure 12. Finite element model

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图 13 入射冲击波压力载荷时程

Figure 13. Pressure history for theoretical calculation

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图 14 钢板中心壁压时程

Figure 14. Pressure history in the plate center

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图 15 钢板中心速度时程

Figure 15. Velocity history in the plate center

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图 16 冲击波压力云图

Figure 16. Contour of shock wave pressure

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表 1 实验工况

Table 1. Experimental conditions

No.	w/(g)	R/(mm)	h_p/(mm)
1	9.91	46.0	3
2	9.91	23.0	3
3	9.91	11.5	3

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表 2 不同工况下速度峰值及壁压峰值实验结果与数值计算结果的比较

Table 2. Experimental and numerical results of peak velocities and pressures at different conditions

No.	R/(mm)	v_m/(m/s)		δ₁/(%)	p_m/(MPa)		δ₂/(%)
No.	R/(mm)	Exp.	Num.	δ₁/(%)	Exp.	Num.	δ₂/(%)
1	46.0	161	153	-4.9	1002	1020	1.8
2	23.0	316	300	-5.1	3462	3734	7.3
3	11.5	580	555	-4.3

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表 3 不同工况下理论计算与数值模拟结果比较

Table 3. Comparison between theoretical and numerical results at different conditions

No.	R	h_p/ (mm)	w/ (g)	p_m/(MPa)		δ₁/(%)	v_m/(m/s)		δ₂/(%)	ζ		δ₃/(%)
No.	R	h_p/ (mm)	w/ (g)	Theory	Num.	δ₁/(%)	Theory	Num.	δ₂/(%)	Theory	Num.	δ₃/(%)
1	6R₀	4	50	534	526	1.5	106	107	-1.6	0.34	0.32	6.6
2	3R₀	4	50	1966	1937	1.5	231	250	-7.6	0.43	0.44	-2.4
3	2R₀	4	50	4574	4806	-4.8	341	418	-18.3	0.49	0.55	-9.9
4	6R₀	3	9.91	500	473	5.7	92	89	3.4	0.37	0.34	9.5
5	4R₀	3	9.91	1014	1002	1.0	146	161	-9.3	0.39	0.40	-1.7
6	3R₀	3	9.91	1727	1634	5.7	198	195	1.8	0.41	0.42	-3.0
7	2R₀	3	9.91	4055	3462	17.1	291	316	-7.2	0.53	0.57	-6.9

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