Investigations on Electromagnetic Launching Characteristic of Aluminum Alloy Brush Armature
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摘要: 电磁轨道发射过程中，电枢表面由于电流趋肤效应引起的电流集中会降低发射系统枢轨服役寿命。为抑制电流密度集中，实现电流分散，提出了一种新型铝合金刷电枢，并对其发射特性进行了研究。结果表明，在100~350 kA的发射试验中，刷电枢结构均保持完好。接触压力保持不变情况下，刷电枢的质量损失先随电流的增加而增大，到250 kA时达到峰值，随后呈逐渐减小的趋势。刷电枢质量损失与合金纤维直径有关，当其直径由0.1 mm提高到0.2 mm时，质量损失减小。选择合适的初始接触压力能够有效降低电枢质量损失，不同纤维直径的刷电枢对应不同的最佳初始压力。微观形貌观察结果表明，铝纤维损伤主要形式为机械磨损和电弧烧蚀。Abstract: During electromagnetic launching, the current often concentrates on the surface of the armature due to the speed skin effect, which may reduce the service life of a launch system.To inhibit the concentration of the current density, a new type of aluminum alloy brush armature was proposed and its launching properties were studied.Results show that the main structure of the brush armature was intact within the scope of the experimental conditions.The contact pressure being kept constant, the mass loss of the brush armature at first increased with the increase of the current from 200 to 250 kA, then decreased with the further increase of the current from 250 to 350 kA.The mass loss of the brush armature decreased with the increase of the fiber diameter from 0.1 to 0.2 mm.An appropriate initial contact pressure could effectively reduce the mass loss of the armature.The brush armature with a different fiber diameter corresponded to a different optimal initial pressure.The microstructural observation results show that the main forms of damage of the aluminum fiber were mechanical wear and arc ablation.
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Key words:
- electromagnetic launching /
- brush armature /
- skin effect /
- mechanical wear /
- arc ablation /
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图 3 Ø0.1 mm铝合金刷电枢损伤形貌宏观照片
Figure 3. Macro-photographs of Ø0.1 mm aluminum alloy armature after single launch
图 4 Ø0.1 mm铝合金刷电枢的质量损失随电流的变化曲线
Figure 4. Curves of the relation between mass loss of Ø0.1 mm aluminum alloy armature versus current
图 5 Ø0.2 mm铝合金刷电枢的质量损失随电流的变化曲线
Figure 5. Curves of the relation between mass loss of Ø0.2 mm aluminum alloy armature versus current
图 7 Ø0.1 mm的铝合金刷电枢表面形貌扫描照片和能谱图
Figure 7. SEM and EDS images of damage surface on Ø0.1 mm aluminum alloy armature
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