Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Rock Breaking Effect bySteel Shot Impacting Intervention
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摘要: 相对于常规高压射流破岩方式，在高压射流中加入钢粒，使其高速喷出冲击岩石的方法，能够显著提高射流的能量利用率。应用瞬态非线性动力学有限元模拟软件，对多钢粒冲击破岩的过程进行仿真，并设计室内实验进行验证。钢粒冲击破岩的过程如下：0~20 s，钢粒侵入深度迅速增加；20~80 s，钢粒侵入深度继续增加，但增加幅度减小；80 s后，钢粒侵入深度基本不变。另外，由于钢粒间干涉的影响，钢粒冲击破岩的体积与钢粒浓度并不是简单的正比关系。实验得出，当钢粒浓度为0.5%~3.0%时，随着钢粒浓度的增大，破岩体积明显增大；而当钢粒浓度大于3.0%后，钢粒浓度增加，破岩体积变化很小。Abstract: Compared with the conventional rock breaking by high pressure water jet, the energy efficiency can be greatly improved by adding steel shots into the water jet.The transient nonlinear dynamics finite element simulation software was used to analyze the rock breaking process by steel shots, which was further verified by the results of indoor experiments.The rock breaking process can be divided into three stages:at the beginning the penetration depth increased fast from 0 to 20 s, then the invasion speed decreased gradually from 20 to 80 s, and finally, the penetration depth remained unchanged after it reached 80 s.In addition, it is not a proportional relationship between the rock breaking volume and the steel shot concentration due to the steel shots' intervention. The experimental results can be summarized as follows:When the steel shot concentration is 0.5%~3.0%, the rock breaking volume increases remarkably with the increase of the steel shot concentration.However, when the concentration exceeds 3.0%, the rock breaking volume is almost unchanged as the steel shot concentration increases.
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图 2 当钢粒浓度为2%、速度为80 m/s、喷射角度为20°时，钢粒冲击破岩的仿真结果
Figure 2. Simulation results of steel shots' movement when α=2%, v=80 m/s and β=20°
图 6 钢粒浓度为1%情况下，钢粒冲击破岩的仿真结果
Figure 6. Simulation results of steel shots' movement when α=1%
图 7 钢粒浓度为2%情况下，钢粒冲击破岩的仿真结果
Figure 7. Simulation results of steel shots' movement when α=2%
图 10 冲蚀深度和冲蚀时间的关系
Figure 10. Erosion depth vs. time with different concentrations of steel shot
图 11 侵入速度和时间的关系
Figure 11. Ivasion speed vs. time with different concentrations of steel shot
表 1 硬质钢粒参数
Table 1. Physical parameters of hard steel shots
ρp/(g/cm3) νp Ep/(GPa) 7.8 0.3 210 
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表 2 岩石模型参数
Table 2. Physical parameters of rock model
ρR/(g/cm3) G/(GPa) νR A B N C D1 D2 2.6 20.49 0.20 0.79 1.6 0.61 0.007 1.0 0.04 fc/(MPa) T/(MPa) pc/(MPa) pl/(MPa) μc μl ε0 Smax 162.2 5.1 32.4 800 0.001 0.1 1 7
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