二次脉冲气动喷雾系统的设计与实验研究

王悦; 白春华; 李斌; 张奇; 刘雪岭

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2015.05.004

二次脉冲气动喷雾系统的设计与实验研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2015.05.004

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081

详细信息

作者简介:
王悦：王悦(1975—), 女, 博士, 主要从事安全监控与事故再现研究.E-mail:726572905@qq.com

中图分类号: O359.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-06-25

Design and Experimental Research on the Double Pulse Pneumatic Spray System

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 基于多相爆炸装置液雾燃爆的实验要求，设计了一套二次脉冲气动雾化系统，以水为液体介质对其喷雾过程进行了实验研究。通过数字图像处理技术和激光多普勒法对气液输送管段的流型结构，喷雾室内的气液掺混过程、喷雾张角、索特平均直径D₃₂及尺寸分布进行了实验测定，得到了高压气室压力0.8~3.3 MPa、储液室液体50~500 mL、电磁阀开启时长450 ms条件下，气液输送管段呈现环状液膜流型为主，气液掺混过程为二次脉冲气动雾化，雾化张角在138°~170°之间, 500 ms时刻液滴的索特平均直径为61 μm。
- 流体力学 /
- 气液两相流 /
- 脉冲气动
Abstract: A double pulse pneumatic spray system was designed based on the requirements of multiphase explosion expriments.Water was employed to study the spray characteristics of the system.The two phase flow pattern in delivery pipe, the gas-liquid mixing process of spray room, the angle of spray, the Sauter mean diameterD₃₂ and the particle size distribution were measured via digital image processing technology and laser Doppler methods, respectively.The experimental results prove that the annular two-phase flow is the main flow structure in the gas and liquid delivery pipe when the initial pressure is in the range of 0.8-3.3 MPa, the water is between 50-500 mL and the spray duration is fixed at 450 ms.In the meantime, double pulse pneumatic spray was found in gas and liquid mixing process, corresponding to the spray angle between 138°-170° and the mean D₃₂ of 61 μm at 500 ms, respectively.
- fluid mechanics /
- gas-liquid two phase flow /
- double pulse pneumatic spray

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图 1 10 m³多相爆炸罐

Figure 1. 10 m³ multiphase explosion tank

1. Explosive vessel; 2. Test hole; 3. Vessel gate; 4. Ignition rod; 5. Optical measurement window; 6. Spray device 7. Test system; 8. Control system; 9. Igniter; 10. Distribute gas system; 11. Dust removal and ventilation system 12. Vacuum pump; 13. High pressure pump; 14. High-speed camera; 15. Pressure test bar

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图 2 喷雾装置示意图

Figure 2. Spray device system

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图 3 多孔空心小球

Figure 3. Porous hollow sphere

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图 4 半球形喷头

Figure 4. Hemispherical nozzle

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图 5 两相流型识别系统

Figure 5. Experimental principle diagram of the two-phase flow pattern identification

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图 6 玻璃测试管段

Figure 6. Glass test tube

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图 7 透明喷雾室气液两相喷雾装置

Figure 7. Transparent spray chamber gas-liquid two-phase atomization device

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图 8 管内4种典型流型结构

Figure 8. Four kinds of typical flow pattern structure

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图 9 管内两相流型压力历程曲线

Figure 9. Pressure history curve of two phase flow pattern

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图 10 不同流型喷嘴腔体内结构

Figure 10. Different types of flow nozzle cavity structure

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图 11 100 ms雾化效果图

Figure 11. Experimental images of 100 ms atomization

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图 12 500 ms粒径体积累计分布

Figure 12. 500 ms particle size cumulative volume distribution

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图 13 二次脉冲气动雾化系统原理图

Figure 13. Schematic of the secondary pulse pneumatic jet atomization system

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表 1 雾化张角与雾化体积实验数据

Table 1. Data of spray volume and atomization average density experiment

Experimental No.	Atomization time/(ms)	Spray angle θ/(°)	Gas-liquid two-phase spray volume/(m³)
1	50	170	0.080
2	100	165	0.208
3	150	160	0.302
4	200	158	0.403
5	250	155	0.506
6	300	152	0.610
7	350	148	0.716
8	400	145	0.825
9	450	141	1.150
10	500	138	1.311

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表 2 500 ms粒径分布统计数据表

Table 2. Data table of 500 ms particle size cumulative distribution

D₃₂ /(μm)	Cumulative volume /(%)	Particle size /(%)	Particle size /(μm)	Cumulative volume /(%)	Particle size /(%)
0.10	2.67	2.67	36.00	7.33	1.11
0.90	2.73	0.06	43.00	8.86	1.53
1.10	2.75	0.02	51.00	10.60	2.10
1.30	2.76	0.02	61.00	14.90	3.23
1.50	2.78	0.02	73.00	19.60	4.88
1.80	2.80	0.02	87.00	26.50	7.19
2.20	2.83	0.03	103.00	36.40	10.09
2.60	2.87	0.03	123.00	50.40	14.40
3.10	2.91	0.04	147.00	67.50	16.91
3.70	2.96	0.05	175.00	82.90	15.04
4.30	3.01	0.05	215.00	93.60	11.27
5.00	3.07	0.06	255.00	98.60	4.10
6.00	3.16	0.09	305.00	99.50	1.49
7.50	3.30	0.14	365.00	99.20	0.37
9.00	3.44	0.14	435.00	99.90	0.07
10.50	3.59	0.15	515.00	100.00	0.01
12.50	3.80	0.21	615.00	100.00	0.00
15.00	4.08	0.28	735.00	100.00	0.00
21.00	4.83	0.75	875.00	100.00	0.00
25.00	5.40	0.57	920.00	100.00	0.00
30.00	6.21	0.81	990.00	100.00	0.00

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表 3 不同浓度实验与理论计算数据的对比

Table 3. Data of different concentration experiments compared with the theoretical calculation data

Liquid volume /(mL)	Mean concentration /(g/m³)	D₃₂ /(mm)	Pneumatic initial pressure of experiment/(MPa)	Pneumatic initial pressure of calculation/(MPa)	Error of the experiment and calculation/(%)
50	38.17	61.01	0.8	0.800	0.00
100	76.34	60.50	1.2	1.204	0.33
150	114.50	61.15	1.5	1.546	3.07
200	152.67	59.65	1.9	1.852	-2.53
250	190.84	60.20	2.1	2.132	1.52
300	229.01	61.33	2.4	2.395	-0.21
350	267.18	60.86	2.6	2.643	1.65
450	343.51	61.58	3.1	3.101	0.03
500	381.68	61.74	3.3	3.324	-0.18

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