Microstructures and Corrosion Property of AISI 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel Irradiated by High-Current Pulsed Electron Beam
-
摘要: 利用强流脉冲电子束(HCPEB)技术，对AISI 304L奥氏体不锈钢进行了表面辐照处理，详细考察了辐照前、后材料表面的微观结构和腐蚀性能。实验结果表明：经过HCPEB辐照后，材料表面的抗腐蚀性能有所改善；表面喷发形成熔坑实现清除夹杂物的净化作用，以及表面形成厚而致密的钝化膜可有效地阻碍点蚀，均是提高材料抗腐蚀性能不可忽视的因素。透射电子显微镜分析结果表明，HCPEB辐照材料表层时，诱发了大量的过饱和空位缺陷以及类型丰富且密度很高的线、面晶体缺陷，空位缺陷的凝聚形成了空位型位错圈和堆垛层错四面体等空位簇缺陷。这些缺陷有助于形成厚而致密的表面钝化膜，进而阻止阴离子穿过表面钝化膜，延迟腐蚀进程，提高受辐照材料的抗腐蚀性能。Abstract: High-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) with different pulses was utilized to irradiate AISI 304L stainless steel.The surface microstructures of the irradiated samples were characterized in detail.In particular, the corrosion behaviors of the stainless steel surface with and without HCPEB treatment were evaluated.The experimental results show that the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel after HCPEB treatment is remarkably improved compared with the original sample.Beside the surface purification effect of eliminating impurities due to the crater eruption, the formation of dense surface passive layer, which effectively inhibits the pitting events, is also an important mechanism for the improvement of corrosion resistance of the irradiated materials.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations suggest that a large amount of supersaturated vacancy defects combined with abundant line and planar defects are introduced when the material surface is subjected to the HCPEB irradiation.Furthermore, the agglomerations of the vacancy defects result in the formation of the vacancy cluster defects, such as vacancy dislocation loops and stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs).Those structural defects in the irradiated surface layer promote the formation of a thick and dense surface passive layer.It prevents corrosive anionic species from passing through the surface oxidation layer and delays the corrosion process, resulting in the improvement of corrosion performance of the irradiated materials.
-
图 1 HCPEB辐照前、后304L不锈钢的表面形貌
Figure 1. Surface micrographs of 304L stainless steel before and after HCPEB irradiation
图 3 熔坑中残留夹杂物的SEM图像
Figure 3. SEM image of some craters showing the residual impurities
图 4 HCPEB辐照后表层位错结构的TEM图像
Figure 4. TEM images of dislocation configurations in surface layer induced by HCPEB irradiation
图 5 HCPEB辐照后层错-孪晶结构的TEM图像
Figure 5. TEM images of stacking fault-twin structures induced by HCPEB irradiation
图 6 5次HCPEB辐照诱发的表层内部空位簇缺陷
Figure 6. Vacancy cluster defects induced by 5 pulses HCPEB irradiation
图 7 辐照前、后样品的腐蚀失重曲线
Figure 7. Mass loss vs. pulse number for various pulses irradiated samples
-
[1] Proskurovsky D I, Rotshtein V P, Ozur G E, et al. Pulsed electron-beam technology for surface modification of metallic materials[J]. J Vac Sci Technol A, 1998, 16(4): 2480-2488. doi: 10.1116/1.581369 [2] Proskurovsky D I, Rotshtein V P, Ozur G E, et al. Physical foundations for surface treatment of materials with low energy, high current electron beams[J]. Surf Coat Technol, 2000, 125(1/2/3): 49-56. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0257897299006040 [3] Zou J X, Zhang K M, Hao S Z, et al. Mechanisms of hardening, wear and corrosion improvement of 316 L stainless steel by low energy high current pulsed electron beam surface treatment[J]. Thin Solid Films, 2010, 519(4): 1404-1415. doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2010.09.022 [4] 李艳, 顾倩倩, 邱冬华, 等.强流脉冲电子束作用下纯镍表层中织构及结构缺陷的演化行为[J].高压物理学报, 2010, 24(6): 461-466. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/71135X/201107/37139325.htmlLi Y, Gu Q Q, Qiu D H, et al. Texture and structural defect evolution of pure nickel subjected to high-current pulse electron beam irradiation[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2010, 24(6): 461-466. (in Chinese) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/71135X/201107/37139325.html [5] 邱冬华, 程笃庆, 关庆丰, 等.强流脉冲电子束作用下纯镍表面的应力特征[J].高压物理学报, 2009, 23(5): 321-326. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/96553X/200905/31952403.htmlQiu D H, Cheng D Q, Guan Q F, et al. Surface stress characteristics in pure nickel after high current pulsed electron beam irradiation[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2009, 23(5): 321-326. (in Chinese) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/96553X/200905/31952403.html [6] 李艳, 蔡杰, 邹阳, 等.强流脉冲电子束作用下20钢的微观结构状态[J].高压物理学报, 2011, 25(3): 268-274. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-GYWL201103013.htmLi Y, Cai J, Zou Y, et al. The microstructures in 0.20%C carbon steel induced by high-current pulsed electron beam[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2011, 25(3): 268-274. (in Chinese) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-GYWL201103013.htm [7] Zhang K, Zou J, Grosdidier T, et al. Formation and evolution of craters in carbon steels during low-energy high-current pulsed electron-beam treatment[J]. J Vac Sci Technol A, 2009, 27(5): 1217-1226. doi: 10.1116/1.3207948 [8] 蔡杰, 邹阳, 万明珍, 等. AISI 304L奥氏体不锈钢表面微孔结构的强流脉冲电子束快速制备与表征[J].高压物理学报, 2012, 26(6): 693-699. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-GYWL201206015.htmCai J, Zou Y, Wan M Z, et al. Rapid preparation and characterization of the surface microstructures of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel by high-current pulsed electron beam[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2012, 26(6): 693-699. (in Chinese) http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-GYWL201206015.htm [9] 彭冬晋, 邹阳, 万明珍, 等.表面状态对强流脉冲电子束辐照诱发金属表面熔坑的影响[J].高压物理学报, 2013, 27(1): 99-104. http://qikan.cqvip.com/Qikan/Article/Detail?id=45079153Peng D J, Zou Y, Wan M Z, et al. Influence of surface state on the crater formation of metallic material surface irradiated by high current pulsed electron beam[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2013, 27(1): 99-104. (in Chinese) http://qikan.cqvip.com/Qikan/Article/Detail?id=45079153 [10] Zou J, Zhang K, Dong C, et al. Selective surface purification via crater eruption under pulsed electron beam irradiation[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 2006, 89(4): 041913. doi: 10.1063/1.2234306 [11] 张可敏, 杨大智, 邹建新, 等. 316L不锈钢强流脉冲电子束表面改性研究: Ⅱ在模拟体液中的腐蚀行为[J].金属学报, 2007, 43(1): 71-76. http://www.oalib.com/paper/1612214Zhang K M, Yang D Z, Zou J X, et al. Surface modification of 316L stainless steel by high current pulsed electron beam: Part Ⅱ corrosion behaviors in the simulated body fluid[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2007, 43(1): 71-76. (in Chinese) http://www.oalib.com/paper/1612214 [12] 关庆丰, 邹阳, 张在强, 等.强流脉冲电子束作用下纯铜的微观结构与腐蚀性能[J].吉林大学学报(工学版), 2013, 43(4): 964-969. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95788B/20134/46470716.htmlGuan Q F, Zou Y, Zhang Z Q, et al. Microstructures and corrosion property of pure copper under high-current pulsed electron beam irradiation[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2013, 43(4): 964-969. (in Chinese) http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95788B/20134/46470716.html [13] Qin Y, Dong C, Wang X, et al. Temperature profile and crater formation induced in high-current pulsed electron beam processing[J]. J Vac Sci Technol A, 2003, 21(6): 1934-1938. doi: 10.1116/1.1619417 [14] Shulov V A, Nochovnaya N A. Crater formation on the surface of metals and alloys during high power ion beam processing[J]. Nucl Instrum Meth B, 1999, 148: 154-158. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X98008453 [15] Hansen N, Mehl R F, Medalist A. New discoveries in deformed metals[J]. Metall Mater Trans A, 2001, 32(12): 2917-2935. doi: 10.1007/s11661-001-0167-x [16] 张庆瑜, 董闯, 邹广田, 等.强流脉冲电子束辐照下单晶铝中的堆垛层错四面体[J].物理学报, 2008, 57(1): 392-397. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/wlxb200801061Zhang Q Y, Dong C, Zou G T, et al. Stacking fault tetrahedra in single-crystal aluminum induced by high-current pulsed electron beam[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(1): 392-397. (in Chinese) http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/wlxb200801061 [17] Guan Q F, Yang P L, Zou H, et al. Nanocrystalline and amorphous surface structure of 0.45%C steel produced by high current pulsed electron beam[J]. J Mater Sci, 2006, 41(2): 479-483. doi: 10.1007/s10853-005-2463-0 [18] Guan Q F, Zou H, Zou G T, et al. Surface nanostructure and amorphous state of a low carbon steel induced by high-current pulsed electron beam[J]. Surf Coat Technol, 2005, 196(1/2/3): 145-149. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0257897204007625 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(8)
计量
- 文章访问数: 5814
- HTML全文浏览量: 2050
- PDF下载量: 153
