铝纤维炸药水下爆炸性能研究

林谋金; 马宏昊; 沈兆武; 范志强

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2014.05.008

铝纤维炸药水下爆炸性能研究

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2014.05.008

中国科学技术大学近代力学系，安徽合肥 230027

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目(51134012)；国家自然科学基金面上项目(51174183)

详细信息

作者简介:
林谋金(1985—), 男，博士研究生，主要从事含能材料及爆炸力学相关领域研究.E-mail:lmj2012pt@163.com

通讯作者:
马宏昊(1980—), 男，博士，副教授，主要从事爆破器材与工业安全及爆炸力学相关领域研究.E-mail:hhma@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-10-12
- 修回日期: 2012-12-18

Underwater Detonation Behavior of Aluminum Fiber Explosive

Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China

摘要

摘要: 将纯铝用熔喷法制成铝纤维添加到炸药中，得到新型非理想混合炸药，通过水中爆炸实验，测试不同位置铝纤维炸药的压力时程曲线。对压力时程曲线进行分析，计算得到水下不同位置铝纤维炸药的冲击波压力峰值、冲量、冲击波能和气泡能。结果表明：铝纤维炸药的压力时程曲线可采用指数函数与双曲线函数进行分段描述，而用正态分布函数拟合气泡脉动压力曲线的效果不理想；铝纤维炸药水下爆炸比气泡能与总能量的比值为52%~58%，说明向基体炸药RDX中添加铝纤维对总能量有影响；总能量与爆热的比值为75%~85%，小于理论近似值(100%)，说明铝纤维炸药爆炸时铝纤维反应不完全且破碎铝纤维消耗了一定的能量。
- 铝纤维炸药 /
- 非理想炸药 /
- 压力时程曲线 /
- 气泡脉动 /
- 总能量
Abstract: Aluminum fiber explosive containing explosive and aluminum fiber which is made from pure aluminum is a novel non-ideal explosive.Pressure-time curves of aluminium fiber explosive at different positions were measured by underwater explosion experiments.The peak pressure, impulse, shock wave energy and bubble energy were obtained by analyzing the pressure-time curves.Pressure-time curves can be described by exponential and hyperbolic function at distinct stages.The fitting effect of bubble oscillation curve using normal distribution function is not ideal.That specific bubble energy is 52%-58% of the explosion energy, which shows the effect of adding fiber.The explosive energy declines to 75%-85% of the explosion heat because of the imperfect reaction and crushing energy cost of Al fiber.
- aluminum fiber explosive /
- non-ideal explosive /
- pressure-time curve /
- bubble oscillation /
- explosive energy

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图 1 铝纤维炸药水下爆炸压力对数-时间曲线

(a) R=70 cm(b) R=150 cm

Figure 1. ln[p(t)]-t curves of Al fiber explosive

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 铝纤维炸药水下爆炸压力-时间曲线

(a) R=70 cm (b) R=90 cm

Figure 2. Pressure-time curves of Al fiber explosive

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 铝纤维炸药水下爆炸压力峰值-R/R₀曲线

Figure 3. Peak pressure-R/R₀ curve of Al fiber explosive

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图 4 铝纤维炸药水下爆炸冲击波冲量-R/R₀曲线

Figure 4. Explosion impulse-R/R₀ curve of Al fiber explosive

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 铝纤维的第一次气泡脉动压力时程曲线

Figure 5. The first bubble oscillation of aluminum fiber explosive

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图 6 空中爆炸后遗留的铝纤维碎屑

Figure 6. Al fiber debris of air explosion

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表 1 铝纤维炸药水下爆炸能量输出的相关参数

Table 1. Energy output parameters of Al fiber explosive in underwater explosion

R/R₀	T_b/(ms)	e_s/(MJ/kg)	μ	e_b/(MJ/kg)	e/(MJ/kg)	(e_b/e)/(%)	Q_v^[14]/(MJ/kg)	e/Q_v/(%)
70	60.05	1.104	2.177	2.598	5.10102	51.95	6.443	79.17
70	61.68	1.130	2.169	2.803	5.359 08	53.35	6.443	83.18
90	63.30	1.071	2.174	3.054	5.489 64	56.74	6.443	85.20
90	63.17	1.066	2.175	3.027	5.451 90	56.63	6.443	84.62
120	63.30	1.055	2.174	3.053	5.453 94	57.10	6.443	84.65
120	63.17	1.054	2.175	3.027	5.425 38	56.91	6.443	84.21
150	60.00	1.004	2.177	2.597	4.878 66	54.30	6.443	75.72
150	61.62	0.944	2.169	2.800	4.944 96	57.76	6.443	76.75

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