Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Investigation of Multi-Layer Flyer Driven by Pulsed Laser Beam
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摘要: 采用Gurney理论，建立了激光作用复合膜体驱动飞片的理论计算模型。通过修正膜体材料的激光能量吸收系数，对激光作用复合膜体结构形成的飞片速度进行计算，分析了膜体材料和结构组成对飞片速度的影响，确定了形成高速飞片的复合膜体结构。进行了强激光作用复合膜体驱动飞片实验，采用压电薄膜测量了飞片到达不同距离的时间，计算得到飞片的速度和加速度。结果表明：不同激光能量作用下复合膜体飞片的加速特征基本相似，激光能量的变化对飞片加速时间的影响较小，飞片速度随着光爆层厚度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势；对应于不同的激光能量，光爆层存在最优能量吸收厚度。Abstract: A calculation model of laser-driven multi-layer flyer velocity was established based on Gurney theory.By modifying laser energy absorption coefficient, the velocity of the multi-layer flyer driven by laser pulse beam was calculated.The effects of layer materials and layer configuration on the flyer velocity were analyzed.The multi-layer film configuration which was capable of forming high velocity flyer was decided.An intense laser driven multi-layer flyer experiment was conducted, in which piezoelectric film sensors were employed to measure the flight time of flyer traveling different distances.The velocity and acceleration of flyer were obtained.The results show that the acceleration characteristics of multi-layer flyer driven by different laser energies are similar.Laser energy has little influence on acceleration time.The flyer velocity increases at first and then decreases with the increase of ablation depth.Ablation layer has an optimal depth for energy absorption at different energies.
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Key words:
- laser-driven /
- multi-layer film /
- flyer
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图 4 计算得到的飞片速度与激光能量密度的关系曲线
Figure 4. Relation curves of calculated flyer velocities and laser energy density
图 8 不同激光能量下飞片飞行距离与时间的关系曲线
Figure 8. Relation curves of flight distance and time of flyer at different laser energies
图 9 不同激光能量作用下飞片速度随时间变化的曲线
Figure 9. Velocity histories of flyer at different laser energies
图 10 不同激光能量作用下飞片加速度随时间变化的曲线
Figure 10. Acceleration histories of flyer at different laser energies
图 11 不同激光能量作用下飞片与激光的能量耦合系数
Figure 11. Energy coupling efficiencies at different laser energies
表 1 计算采用的材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters used in calculation
Material ρ/(g/cm3) Ev/(kJ/g) α/(cm2/s) μeff/(m2/g) k r Al 2.70 12.00 0.96 44 0.25 0.56 Mg 1.74 7.00 0.86 10 0.30 0.51 Ti 4.54 9.85 0.09 10 0.30 0.53 Ge 5.23 5.10 0.35 10 0.30 0.49 C 2.27 59.75 0.94 10 0.03 0.41 
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表 2 入射激光能量密度为40 J/cm2时不同光爆层厚度对应的飞片速度
Table 2. Velocities of multi-layer flyer with different ablation depths at a laser energy density of 40 J/cm2
Multi-layer film vf/(m/s) 50 nm 100 nm 150 nm 200 nm 250 nm 300 nm 350 nm 400 nm Mg/Al2O3/Al 4 668.7 5 682.3 6 104.9 6 289.9 6 367.7 6 394.9 6 397.8 6 388.9 Al/Al2O3/Al 4 800.3 5 630.7 5 895.7 5 969.1 5 971.0 5 945.3 5 908.9 5 868.4 Ge/Al2O3/Al 5 524.7 6 241.2 6 398.1 6 406.7 6 373.0 6 327.4 6 278.7 6 229.3 C/Al2O3/Al 6 925.9 6 938.5 6 822.2 6 699.9 6 444.2 6 405.3 6 367.1 6 329.6 Ti/Al2O3/Al 6 004.9 6 287.8 6 263.5 6 204.7 6 142.1 6 079.4 6 017.1 5 955.0
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表 3 不同激光能量下飞片到达不同距离靶板的时间
Table 3. Flight distance and time of flyer driven by different laser energies
Ei/(mJ) s/(μm) t/(ns) Ei/(mJ) s/(μm) t/(ns) Ei/(mJ) s/(μm) t/(ns) 126.3 57.4 31.78 259.3 60.0 25.76 357.2 116.7 48.33 113.1 38.35 157.0 38.23 158.0 67.20 157.6 47.10 207.4 45.87 212.0 82.54 210.0 56.60 256.2 54.27 264.3 95.50 260.0 68.04 309.5 63.20 355.6 119.01 359.0 84.99 358.1 69.69 202.5 57.0 27.84 303.7 108.2 33.82 407.1 104.8 28.47 104.1 37.16 157.7 42.21 157.7 36.11 157.2 51.23 208.7 50.32 208.1 42.96 208.0 60.07 257.9 59.93 256.4 50.61 257.5 71.84 306.1 67.20 311.5 59.96 359.0 93.83 357.5 73.97 358.5 65.73
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表 4 不同激光能量下拟合得到的参数
Table 4. Fitting parameters at different laser energies
Ei/(mJ) s0 A1 A2 B1 B2 t0 126.3 -47 287.95 3.022 2.903 0.162 3 0.000 123 7.91 202.5 -71 152.29 4.548 4.368 0.162 3 0.000 123 7.91 259.3 -79 411.75 5.075 4.875 0.162 3 0.000 123 7.91 303.7 -91 351.73 5.838 5.608 0.162 3 0.000 123 7.91 357.2 -101 321.27 6.475 6.220 0.162 3 0.000 123 7.91 407.1 -109 644.46 7.007 6.731 0.162 3 0.000 123 7.91
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表 5 不同激光能量作用下飞片最大速度及其对应的飞行时间和距离
Table 5. Maximum velocity, flight time and distance of flyer driven by different laser energies
Ei/(mJ) vf, max/(m/s) Flight time
/(ns)Flight distance
/(μm)Ei/(mJ) vf, max/(m/s) Flight time
/(ns)Flight distance
/(μm)126.3 3 032.1 34.5 61.12 303.7 6 005.3 34.5 119.31 202.5 4 141.5 34.5 91.59 357.2 6 541.8 34.5 131.73 259.3 5 092.5 34.5 105.01 407.1 6 935.4 34.5 141.64
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表 6 不同激光能量下飞片最大速度的计算结果和实验结果
Table 6. Calculated and experimental maximum velocities of flyer at different laser energies
Ei/(mJ) vf, max/(m/s) Relative error/(%) Exp. Calc. 126.3 3 032.1 3 276.8 8.1 202.5 4 141.5 4 412.1 6.5 259.3 5 092.5 5 136.9 0.9 126.3 3 032.1 3 276.8 8.1 202.5 4 141.5 4 412.1 6.5 259.3 5 092.5 5 136.9 0.9
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