冲击波垂向加载下PZT 95/5铁电陶瓷的去极化和放电过程分析

张攀; 蒋一萱; 王省哲; 贺红亮

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2014.04.003

冲击波垂向加载下PZT 95/5铁电陶瓷的去极化和放电过程分析

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2014.04.003

张攀^1,,
蒋一萱¹,
王省哲^1,*, ,,
贺红亮²

1.
兰州大学西部灾害与环境力学教育部重点实验室，土木工程与力学学院，甘肃兰州 730000
2.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理实验室，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 中国工程物理研究院科学技术基金(2010A0201005)；国家自然科学基金委创新研究群体项目(11121202)

详细信息

作者简介:
张攀(1987-), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事冲击动力学研究.E-mail:1987.zhangpan@163.com

通讯作者:
王省哲(1972-), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事电磁固体力学、耦合场理论与计算以及计算力学研究.E-mail:xzwang@lzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O521.2;O347.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-09-03
- 修回日期: 2012-11-22

Analysis of Depolarization and Discharge Process of PZT 95/5 Ferroelectric Ceramic under Normal Shock Loading

1.
Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Western Disaster and Environmental, Ministry of Education College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Mianyang 621999, China

摘要

摘要: 电极化后的PZT 95/5铁电陶瓷能够在冲击波作用下快速去极化并释放束缚电荷，形成高功率的瞬态输出电能。对于垂直于极化方向的冲击波加载情况，通过将去极化过程中的铁电陶瓷等效为电流源、电容和电导的并联电路，综合考虑冲击波压力对波速和去极化相变过程的影响，以及冲击波前、后铁电陶瓷的介电常数和电导率变化，建立了描述冲击波垂向加载下PZT 95/5铁电陶瓷去极化和放电过程的模型，解析获得了铁电陶瓷的放电电流表述。在此模型基础上，开展了短路和电阻负载条件下PZT 95/5铁电陶瓷在冲击放电过程中的输出电流特征分析，并与相关实验结果进行了对比。结果表明：模型能较好地模拟实验观测的铁电陶瓷PZT 95/5的冲击放电过程，以及冲击波压力、负载电阻等对冲击放电输出电流的影响规律。
- 冲击波 /
- 铁电陶瓷 /
- 电响应 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Bound charges of poled PZT 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics will be released under shock wave loading to form a high-power electrical energy output.For a shock loading perpendicular to the polarization direction, a model describing the depolarization and discharge process of PZT 95/5 ceramic by normal shock-wave is proposed in this paper.The effects of shock-wave pressure on the wave velocity and depolarization phase transition process were considered systematically.The depoling process of PZT 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics was analyzed by a parallel circuit with a current source, a capacitance and a conductance.The changes in the dielectric constant and conductivity during shock loading were taken into account.The output current characteristics of ferroelectric ceramics discharging process under short circuit and resistive load conditions, and the effects of changes in the dielectric constant and conductivity were analyzed and compared with the experimental results.The results show that the present theoretical model predicts well the discharge process of PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics under shock compression.
- shock wave /
- ferroelectric ceramics /
- electrical response /
- numerical simulation

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图 1 冲击波作用下PZT 95/5陶瓷去极化放电过程的等效电路图

Figure 1. Equivalent circuit diagram of the depolarization and discharge process of PZT 95/5 ceramic under shock wave

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图 2 短路情况下铁电陶瓷去极化放电过程中的输出电流变化曲线

Figure 2. The output current during the depolarization and discharge process of ferroelectric ceramics in the case of short circuit

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图 3 负载情况下输出电流的计算结果与实验结果的对比

Figure 3. Comparisons between calculated and experimental data of the output current for the load case

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图 4 负载情况下考虑介电常数弛豫效应时得到的输出电流模拟结果与实验结果的对比

Figure 4. Comparisons between calculated and experimental data of the output current for the load case with consideration of dielectric relaxation

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图 5 冲击波作用前、后铁电陶瓷介电常数的变化对输出电流的影响

Figure 5. Effect of the dielectric difference of ferroelectric ceramic caused by the shock wave on the output current (σ＝1.58 GPa)

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图 6 冲击波作用前、后铁电陶瓷电导率的变化对输出电流的影响

Figure 6. Effect of the conductivity difference of ferroelectric ceramic caused by the shock wave on the output current (σ＝1.58 GPa)

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表 1 铁电陶瓷样品的材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters of ferroelectric ceramics

Material	X₀/(mm)	Y₀/(mm)	Z₀/(mm)	ρ₀/(g/cm³)	P₀/(C/m²)
PZT 95/5^[12]	10	29	4	7.3	0.3
PSZT^[19]	2	30	10	7.8	0.28

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表 2 冲击波前、后PZT 95/5样品的介电常数和电导率^{[10, 16]}

Table 2. Permittivity and conductivity of PZT 95/5 before and after shock wave^{[10, 16]}

ε₀/(nF/m)	ε₁/(nF/m)	k₀/(μS/m)	k₁/(μS/m)
16	9	2.5	2 500

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表 3 铁电－反铁电相变参数

Table 3. Parameters of the ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transformation

Material	σ_{cr, 1}/(GPa)	σ_{cr, 2}/(GPa)	c	d/(GPa)	e/(GPa)
PZT 95/5^[12]	0.47	2.27	1.26	0	0.59
PSZT^[18]	0.23	1.94	1.25	-0.19	0.53

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参考文献(20)

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