Experimental Study on the Problem of Failure Wave in AD95 Ceramics
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摘要: 采用激光速度干涉技术，连续测量了AD95氧化铝陶瓷在一维应变冲击压缩下的自由面速度剖面，通过对速度剖面特征的分析，讨论了AD95陶瓷等脆性材料在冲击压缩下是否存在破坏波现象及其与材料特性的关系。研究结果表明：冲击加载应力在4.4~7.3 GPa范围，即从小于到略大于雨贡纽弹性极限(约5.5 GPa)，在AD95陶瓷的自由面速度剖面中都未出现表征破坏波现象的二次加载信号，表明未发生破坏波形式的严重压缩损伤；但是，自由面速度剖面中特征点的规律性时序关系和前沿弥散特征都表明，在所讨论的加载应力范围内, AD95陶瓷材料发生了一定程度的压缩损伤；断裂韧性是影响材料在冲击压缩下是否发生破坏波现象的重要因素，断裂韧性较低，冲击波加载下易于形成大量微裂纹扩展和贯通，使材料发生“粉碎性”的严重破坏，是产生破坏波现象的重要条件之一。Abstract: The free surface velocity profile of AD95 ceramic target was measured through laser interferometry under one-dimensional plane strain shock compression.Whether failure wave happened and its relationship with material property were discussed by the analysis of velocity profile characteristic.In an impact stress range from 4.4 to 7.3 GPa (σHEL is about 5.5 GPa), the free surface velocity profile has no appearance of reload signal, which means that there is no appearance of seriously damaged and fragmentized interface as that observed in glass and rock, like a failure wave.The analysis about the free surface velocity profile indicates that the calculated characterizing time difference is regularly less than the experimental value, and the rising foreland has a dispersive property even though the loading stress is less than σHEL.These findings demonstrate that, to some extent, AD95 ceramics might have produced a certain weak compressive damage at the low-stress region.The fracture toughness is a significant ingredient that affects the failure wave phenomena.Materials with relatively lower fracture toughness are prone to form microcracks extension, connection and finally lead to the serious breakage and shatter into pieces, which means the appearance of failure wave.
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Key words:
- alumina /
- ceramics /
- failure wave /
- compressive damage
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图 2 应力波波系分析图
Figure 2. Analysis of stress wave system
(a) Failure wave did not happen (b) Failure wave happened
图 3 不同加载应力下的样品自由面速度剖面特征
Figure 3. Characteristics of free surface velocity profile under different impact stresses
(a) Failure wave did not happen (b) Failure wave happened
图 4 AD95陶瓷自由面速度剖面(箭头所指为下降信号)
Figure 4. Velocity profiles of AD95 ceramics (The arrows point to drop signals)
图 6 玻璃、岩石和氧化铝陶瓷材料的断裂韧性KⅠC比较
Figure 6. Comparison of fracture toughness KⅠC of glass, rock and alumina
表 1 实验状态
Table 1. Experimental states
Shot No. Thickness of flyer/(mm) Thickness of sample/(mm) Impact velocity/(m/s) Impact stress/(GPa) 080916 8 6.06 229 4.4 100707 10 10.03 260 4.9 080304 8 6.10 314 5.7 080912 8 4.10 467 7.3 
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表 2 速度曲线的特征点时间分析
Table 2. Time analysis of characteristic points in velocity curves
Shot No. Impact stress/(GPa) Δt1, cal/(μs) Δt1, exp/(μs) Δt1, exp-Δt1, cal/(μs) 080916 4.4 1.23 1.28 0.05 100707 4.9 2.03 2.14 0.11 080304 5.7 1.23 1.26 0.03 080912 7.3 0.83 0.87 0.04
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