Investigation on Damage Characteristics of Thin Al-Plates by Oblique Hypervelocity Impact of Al-Sphere
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摘要: 利用2017铝合金球形弹丸超高速斜撞击2A12铝合金薄板，模拟空间碎片对航天器防护屏的超高速撞击作用。分析了铝合金薄板超高速斜撞击穿孔特性与弹丸滑弹返溅特性，建立了铝合金球形弹丸超高速斜撞击铝合金薄板的穿孔经验公式。弹丸撞击速度分别为2.58、3.56和4.31 km/s，撞击角度为10~80。实验结果表明：铝合金薄板超高速斜撞击椭圆穿孔尺寸与撞击速度和撞击角度有关，直径为3.97 mm的铝合金球形弹丸超高速斜撞击厚度为1 mm的铝合金薄板时，发生滑弹返溅的临界撞击角在30~40之间。最大滑弹返溅角随着撞击角的增大而逐渐减小，此时滑弹返溅碎片云的影响范围缩小，但破坏能力增强。弹丸撞击速度对铝合金薄板超高速斜撞击穿孔的椭圆度影响较小。Abstract: The oblique hypervelocity impacts of space debris on bumper of spacecrafts were studied through 2017 aluminum spheres impacting on thin 2A12 aluminum alloy sheets at different angles. The penetration hole characteristics of single-wall shields and the ricochet characteristics of projectiles were analyzed. The equations for the hole size of oblique hypervelocity impact penetration into thin aluminum alloy sheets were derived. Impact velocities were 2.58 km/s, 3.56 km/s and 4.31 km/s respectively. Impact angles ranged from 0 to 80. The results indicated that the penetration hole size in thin aluminum alloy sheets depended on the impact velocity and impact angle. When an aluminum alloy sphere of 3.97 mm diameter impacted at hypervelocity on the thin aluminum alloy sheet of 1 mm thickness at different angles, the critical impact angle was between 30 and 40 in which projectile leaped away from the target partially. As impact angle increased, the maximum ricochet angle decreased, and the distributing area of ricochet debris cloud reduced. Impact velocity has little effect on the penetration hole ellipticity of thin aluminum alloy sheets under oblique hypervelocity impact.
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