Dynamic Behavior of PZT-5 Piezoelectric Ceramics under Impact Loading

Piezoelectric ceramics are the core components of piezoelectric impact sensors. The mechanical and electrical behaviors of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramics were studied by split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experimental technique. The tests were carried out at speeds of 4–14 m/s. In order to ensure the insulation between specimen and pressure bar, a process of sputtering Al₂N₃ on the surface that with less influence on the test piece was used, and the sputtering thickness was 1–3 ${{\text{μ}}{\rm{m}}}$. The experimental results of SHPB were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the strain change of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramics exhibits viscous properties during impact loading, and the charge generated is related to the stress and strain of the specimen during loading. When the loading speed exceeds a certain level, the piezoelectric ceramic may be damaged during the loading process, and the degree of damage also affects the generation of charge. The mechanical and electrical properties of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramics have obvious rate correlation.