双层碳纳米管薄膜的侵彻力学性能

王文帅; 王鹏飞; 田杰; 徐松林

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.20220508

双层碳纳米管薄膜的侵彻力学性能

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220508

王文帅^1,,
王鹏飞^1,*, ,,
田杰²,
徐松林¹

1.
中国科学技术大学中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室, 安徽合肥　230026
2.
中国科学技术大学工程与材料科学实验中心, 安徽合肥　230027

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11872361）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（WK2480000008）

详细信息

作者简介:
王文帅（1996－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事碳纳米管膜力学性能研究.E-mail：wwsds@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王鹏飞（1985－），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事材料动态力学行为研究.E-mail：pfwang5@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385; O521.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-28
- 修回日期: 2022-03-07
- 录用日期: 2022-03-14
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-28

Penetration Mechanical Properties of Double-Layer Carbon Nanotube Films

1.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials (LMBD), University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
2.
Engineering and Materials Science Experiment Center, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China

摘要

摘要: 碳纳米管（carbon nanotube, CNT）薄膜具有优异的比强度和比韧性，同时具有优良的导电性和储能特性，在人工肌肉、电子屏蔽及冲击防护等领域都具有广泛的应用前景。然而，目前相关研究主要集中在CNT薄膜的准静态力学性能，其抗冲击力学性能方面的研究尚欠缺。通过实验研究CNT薄膜在中、低速压入穿透下的力学行为，结合数值模拟分析发现：直径为1 mm的钢珠穿透单层CNT薄膜的临界穿透速度约为25 m/s，最大吸能对应的速度约为30 m/s；双层CNT薄膜的临界穿透速度约为40 m/s，最大吸能对应的速度约为60 m/s。与冲击破坏孔洞相比，准静态下CNT薄膜的破坏孔洞边缘更薄，拉伸变形更明显。通过水、润滑油、高真空润滑脂等中间界面改性，可以提升双层CNT薄膜的抗冲击力学性能和吸能效果。研究结果有助于更好地理解CNT薄膜的吸能机理，为防护结构设计提供参考。
- 碳纳米管薄膜 /
- 冲击 /
- 侵彻 /
- 界面 /
- 有限元模拟
Abstract: Carbon nanotube (CNT) films have broad application prospects in the fields of artificial muscles, electronic shielding, and impact protection, owing to their excellent mechanical and electrical conductivity properties. However, the latest studies mainly focus on the quasi-static mechanical properties of the CNT films, while the transverse impact mechanical properties and microscopic mechanisms are still under investigated. Herein, the mechanical behavior of CNT films under medium/low-speed penetration is experimentally and numerically investigated. The results show that the critical penetration speed of the single-layer CNT film is about 25 m/s, while the speed of the maximum energy absorption is about 30 m/s, for a 1 mm diameter steel ball impacting the CNT film. In contrast, the critical penetration speed of the double-layer CNT film is about 40 m/s, and the speed of the maximum energy absorption is about 60 m/s. Under the quasi-static condition, the damaged edge of the cavity in the CNT film is thinner and the stretching deformation is more prominent than those in the impact case; the intermediate interface modification by water, oil, and high vacuum grease can improve the impact mechanical properties and energy absorption effect of the double-layer CNT film. Overall, this work can provide a better understanding on the penetration mechanism of CNT films and guide the design of anti-impact structures.
- carbon nanotube film /
- impact /
- penetration /
- interface /
- finite element simulation

HTML全文

图 1 CNT薄膜试样(a)及其表面微观形貌(b)

Figure 1. CNT thin film sample (a) and its surface microscopic morphology (b)

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图 2 准静态压入实验(a)和弹道测试实验(b)布局

Figure 2. Layouts of quasi-static injection test (a) and ballistic test (b)

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图 3 钢球冲击薄膜有限元模型：(a) 1 mm直径钢球模型；(b) 12 mm直径CNT薄膜模型正面

Figure 3. Finite element model of a steel ball impacting the thin film: (a) 1 mm diameter steel ball model; (b) front side ofa 12 mm diameter carbon nanotube film model

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图 4 准静态加载下单、双层CNT薄膜的载荷-位移曲线及相应的侵彻变形过程

Figure 4. Load-displacement curves and corresponding penetration deformation process of single- and double-layer CNT film under quasi-static loading

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图 5 不同添加物影响下双层CNT薄膜的载荷-位移曲线

Figure 5. Load-displacement curves of double-layer CNT filmwith different types of additives

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图 6 不同界面对双层CNT薄膜准静态力学性质的影响：(a)载荷峰值，(b)吸能特性

Figure 6. Effect of different interfaces on the quasi-static mechanical properties of the double-layer CNT film:(a) peak load and (b) energy absorption characteristics

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图 7 冲击单层CNT薄膜(a)和双层CNT薄膜(b)后钢球速度的衰减

Figure 7. Velocity attenuation of steel ball after impact of single-layer CNT film (a) and double-layer CNT film (b)

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图 8 钢球冲击单层(a)和双层(b) CNT薄膜时的吸能特性

Figure 8. Energy absorption characteristics of the steel ball impacting the single-layer CNT film (a) and double-layer CNT film (b)

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图 9 钢球冲击单、双层CNT薄膜的吸能(a)和比吸能(b)对比

Figure 9. Comparison of energy absorption (a) and specific energy absorption (b) between single- and double-layer CNT films impacted by steel balls

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图 10 不同中间界面对双层CNT薄膜冲击吸能性能的影响

Figure 10. Effect of different additives on the impact energy absorption properties of double-layer CNT films

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图 11 穿透后CNT薄膜试样表面的微观形貌：(a)单层CNT薄膜冲击穿孔形态（16 m/s）；(b)单层CNT薄膜准静态穿孔形态（2.67×10⁻⁴m/s）；(c)双层CNT薄膜冲击穿孔形态（水，33 m/s）；(d)双层CNT薄膜准静态穿孔形态（水，2.67×10⁻⁴m/s）；(e)双层CNT薄膜冲击穿孔形态（HVG，35 m/s）；(f)双层CNT薄膜准静态穿孔形态（HVG，2.67×10⁻⁴ m/s）

Figure 11. Microscopic morphology of the penetrated CNT film samples surface: (a) impact perforation morphology of single-layer CNT film (16m/s); (b) quasi-static perforated morphology of single-layer CNT film (2.67×10⁻⁴m/s); (c) impact perforation morphology of double-layer CNT film (water, 33 m/s); (d) quasi-static perforated morphology of double-layer CNT film (water, 2.67×10⁻⁴m/s); (e) impact perforation morphology of double-layer CNT film (HVG,35 m/s); (f) quasi-static perforated morphology ofdouble-layer CNT film (HVG, 2.67×10⁻⁴m/s)

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图 12 钢球侵彻速度的衰减情况： (a)模拟结果与实验结果的对比，(b)速度衰减过程的模拟结果

Figure 12. Dynamic shock penetration velocity decay of steel balls: (a) comparison between simulation resultsand experimental results; (b) simulation results of the velocity loss process

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图 13 10 m/s速度冲击时薄膜的侵彻模拟结果： (a)背面， (b)侧面

Figure 13. Simulation results of film penetration at 10 m/s impact velocity: (a) back view, (b) side view

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图 14 35 m/s速度冲击时薄膜的侵彻模拟结果：(a)背面，(b)侧面

Figure 14. Simulation results of film penetration at 35 m/s impact velocity: (a) back view, (b) side view

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表 1 CNT薄膜材料的力学参数

Table 1. Mechanical parameters of CNT materials

E₁/MPa	E₂/MPa	E₃/MPa	μ₁₂	μ₁₃	μ₂₃	G₁₂/MPa	G₁₃/MPa	G₂₃/MPa
2067	2067	2067	0.1	0.3	0.3	1.72	1.72	1.72

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表 2 CNT薄膜材料的工程弹性常数

Table 2. Engineering elastic parameters of CNT materials

Longitudinal tensile strength/Pa	Longitudinal compressive strength/Pa	Longitudinal shear strength/Pa	Transverse tensile strength/Pa	Transverse compressive strength/Pa	Transverse shear strength/Pa
80	2 000	1000	80	2 000	1000

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表 3 CNT薄膜材料的损伤演化力学参数

Table 3. Mechanical parameters of damage evolution of CNT materials

Longitudinal tensile fracture energy/ (kJ·m⁻²)	Longitudinal compressive fracture energy/ (kJ·m⁻²)	Transverse tensile fracture energy/ (kJ·m⁻²)	Transverse compressive fracture energy/ (kJ·m⁻²)
0.01	0.3	0.01	0.3

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