一种长杆弹超高速贯穿陶瓷/金属复合靶板的简化模型

翟阳修; 吴昊; 方秦

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2017.06.009

一种长杆弹超高速贯穿陶瓷/金属复合靶板的简化模型

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.06.009

解放军理工大学，爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210007

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2016YFC0305200

国家自然科学基金 51522813

详细信息

作者简介:
翟阳修(1991—), 男，硕士研究生，主要从事陶瓷靶体抗侵彻性能研究.E-mail:zhaiyx0418@163.com

通讯作者:
吴昊(1981—), 男，副教授，博士生导师，主要从事冲击动力学研究.E-mail:abrahamhao@126.com

中图分类号: O346
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-01-11
- 修回日期: 2017-03-28

A Simplified Model for Long Rod of Ultra-High Speed Perforation onto Ceramic/Metal Target

State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China

摘要

摘要: 基于合理简化假设建立快捷实用的工程分析模型是研究复合靶板抗弹体冲击能力的重要方法。已有弹体冲击陶瓷/金属复合靶板理论模型的形式及计算过程复杂，并且缺少弹体超高速(弹体初速大于1 500 m/s)贯穿复合靶板的实验验证。综合考虑弹体侵彻破碎陶瓷锥体过程中破碎陶瓷强度的下降、弹体初速对破碎陶瓷锥半锥角取值的影响，以及金属背板挠曲变形对弹体侵彻破碎陶瓷锥的影响，基于半流体动力学Alekseevskii-Tate(A-T)模型建立了预测弹体超高速贯穿陶瓷/金属复合靶板残余速度的简化分析模型。通过与实验数据以及基于LS-DYNA有限元分析软件开展的钨合金长杆弹(初速1 800~2 600 m/s)贯穿Al₂O₃陶瓷/RHA钢复合靶板数值模拟结果对比，验证了简化分析模型、数值模型及其相应参数的正确性和适用性。进一步基于简化模型，在总厚度或总面密度一定的条件下，讨论了4种陶瓷面板(Al₂O₃、AlN、SiC、B₄C)和两种金属背板(RHA钢、铝)复合靶板的弹道性能。
- 长杆弹 /
- 超高速 /
- 贯穿 /
- 陶瓷/金属 /
- 模型
Abstract: A quick and practical engineering analysis model based on the reasonably simplified hypothesis is an important means to study the ballistic performance of the ceramic/metal targets.The available detailed theoretical models have to carry out complex calculation and rarely are made comparisons with the residual velocity of the projectile perforating ceramic/metal targets under the condition of ultra-high speed (with the projectile muzzle velocity greater than 1 500 m/s).In this study, considering the decrease of the strength of fractured ceramic during the penetration of the projectile into fractured conical ceramic, the effect of the projectile's initial velocity on the value of the half conical angle, and the influence of the metal plate's deflection on the long rod of ultra-high speed penetrating the fractured conical ceramic, based on the semi-fluid dynamics Alekseevskii-Tate (A-T) model, a simplified model predicting the residual velocity of the long rod of ultra-high speed perforating ceramic/metal target was proposed.By comparing with the experiment data and the simulation results of the tungsten long rod (1 800-2 600 m/s) perforating Al₂O₃/RHA steel target carried out on the LS-DYNA finite element analysis software, the correctness and applicability of the proposed simplified model, the numerical model and its corresponding parameters were validated.Furthermore, based on the simplified model, the ballistic performance of composite targets consisting of 4 ceramic facing plates (Al₂O₃, AlN, SiC, B₄C) and 2 metallic backing plates (RHA steel, aluminum), under the condition of certain thickness and certain areal density was discussed.
- long rod /
- ultra-high speed /
- perforation /
- ceramic/metal /
- model

HTML全文

图 1 长杆弹超高速贯穿陶瓷/金属复合靶板简化模型示意

Figure 1. Schematic of simplified model for long rod perforating ceramic/metal target at ultra-high speed

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图 2 弹靶有限元模型

Figure 2. Finite element model of projectile and targets

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图 3 长杆弹(v₀=2 681 m/s)贯穿复合靶板0~45 μs内的弹靶损伤云图及弹头位置

Figure 3. Numerical damage image and position of projectile nose for long rod (v₀=2 681 m/s) perforating ceramic/metal targets in 0-45 μs

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图 4 0~100 μs内弹头、弹尾位置的数值模拟结果与实验数据^[16]对比

Figure 4. Comparison of positions of projectile nose and tail in simulations with experiment data^[16] in 0-100 μs

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图 5 理论模型计算结果与实验数据和数值模拟结果对比

Figure 5. Comparison of calculation results of theoretical model with simulation and experiment data

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图 6 复合靶板总厚度一定时无量纲化残余速度与陶瓷面板厚度的关系(实线：后覆RHA钢；虚线：后覆金属铝)

Figure 6. Dependence curve of dimensionless residual velocity on ceramic plate's thickness for constant thickness of ceramic/metal targets (Solid line:backed by RHA steel; Dotted line:backed by aluminum)

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图 7 复合靶板总面密度一定时无量纲化残余速度与陶瓷面板面密度的关系(实线：后覆RHA钢；虚线：后覆金属铝)

Figure 7. Dependence curve of dimensionless residual velocity on areal density of ceramic plate for constant areal density of ceramic/metal targets (Solid line:backed by RHA steel; Dotted line:backed by aluminum)

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表 1 钨合金和RHA钢的模型参数^{[16, 20-23]}

Table 1. Material model constants for tungsten alloy and RHA steel in simulations^{[16, 20-23]}

Material	ρ/(kg/m³)	G/(GPa)	A/(GPa)	B/(GPa)	n	c	m	T_M/(K)	T_R/(K)	$ {{\dot \varepsilon }_0}$/(s^-1)	C/(m/s)	s₁	s₂	s₃	γ₀
Tungsten alloy	17 550	137	1.51	0.177	0.12	0.016	1.0	1 498	294	10^-6	3 850	1.44	0	0	1.58
RHA steel	7 850	77	0.95	0.611	0.26	0.014	1.0	1 703	294	10^-6	4 578	1.33	0	0	1.67

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表 2 Al₂O₃陶瓷JH-2本构模型参数^[24-26]

Table 2. JH-2 constitutive model constants for Al₂O₃ in simulations^[24-26]

Material	ρ/ (kg/m³)	G/ (GPa)	A/ (GPa)	B/ (GPa)	c	M	N	$ {{\dot \varepsilon }_0}$/ (s^-1)	T_max/ (GPa)	σ_HEL/ (GPa)	p_HEL/ (GPa)	D₁	D₂	K₁/ (GPa)	K₂/ (GPa)	K₃/ (GPa)	F_S
AD97	3 780	90.16	1.0	0.31	0	0.6	0.6	10^-6	0.2	5.3	2.9	0.02	0.83	228.6	191.4	111.5	1.0

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表 3 弹体残余速度及残余长度的数值模拟结果与实验数据^[16]对比

Table 3. Comparison of residual velocity and length of projectile in simulations with experiment data^[16]

Exp. No.	v₀/ (m/s)	State of ceramic plate	Residual velocity/(m/s)		Error of residual velocity/(%)	Residual length/(mm)		Error of residual length/(%)
Exp. No.	v₀/ (m/s)	State of ceramic plate	Exp.	Sim.	Error of residual velocity/(%)	Exp.	Sim.	Error of residual length/(%)
1	2 667	Confined	-^(a)	2 597.0	-	-	52.1	-
2	2 682	Confined	2 569	2 608.0	1.52	53.8	48.6	9.66
3	1 862	Confined	1 676	1 739.7	3.80	41.6	41.9	0.72
4	1 863	Confined	1 674	1 740.0	3.94	40.7	42.8	5.16
5	2 681	Unconfined	2 597	2 613.3	0.63	58.3	55.2	5.32
6	2 669	Unconfined	2 575	2 603.3	1.09	41.8^(b)	56.3	(b)
7	1 831	Unconfined	1 668	1 722.6	3.27	46.7	48.5	3.85
8	2 691	Unconfined	2 586	2 618.1	1.24	58.2	53.6	7.90
Note:(a) No image was found on film; (b) A relatively high yaw gave a shorter residual length^[16].

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表 4 陶瓷和金属材料计算参数^{[16, 23, 27]}

Table 4. Calculation parameters of ceramic and metal materials^{[16, 23, 27]}

Material	Density/(kg/m³)	R_t/(GPa)
Al₂O₃	3 780	6.50
AlN	3 230	7.04
SiC	3 150	8.89
B₄C	2 500	6.25
Aluminum	2 700	1.03

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