Flow Stress Characteristics and Constitutive Model of ZL101A Aluminum Alloy under High Temperature and High Strain Rate
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摘要: 采用分离式霍普金森压杆系统和高温设备对ZL101A铝合金进行了常温和高温下的动态压缩实验，得到了应变率范围为2900～6100 s−1、温度范围为20～600 ℃的动态压缩应力-应变曲线。实验结果表明：ZL101A铝合金具有应变率硬化效应，并且随着温度的升高，应变率硬化效应减弱；ZL101A铝合金在不同应变率下均存在明显的温度软化效应，且随着温度的升高，塑性变形引起的绝热温升使热软化作用增强。为了得到应变率和温度对材料流变应力的影响，将应变率效应和温度效应进行解耦，得到一种适用于ZL101A铝合金材料的动态本构模型。对比模型预测结果与实验数据发现，建立的本构模型可以很好地描述ZL101A铝合金的流变应力特征。Abstract: The dynamic compression experiments of ZL101A aluminum alloy were carried out under room and high temperature conditions by using split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system and high temperature heating equipment. The dynamic compressive stress-strain curves under the conditions of strain rate range of 2900−6100 s−1 and temperature range of 20−600 ℃ were obtained. The experimental results show that ZL101A aluminum alloy has a strain rate hardening effect, and the strain rate hardening effect gradually decreases with the increase of temperature. Meanwhile, ZL101A aluminum alloy has obvious temperature softening effect at different strain rates, and the plastic deformation induced adiabatic temperature rise enhances the thermal softening effect. In order to quantify the influences of strain rate and temperature on the flow stress of ZL101A aluminum alloy, the strain rate effect and the temperature effect were decoupled. A suitable constitutive model for ZL101A aluminum alloy was established by analyzing and fitting the experimental data. After comparing the predicted results from the model with the experimental data, it was found that the established constitutive model can well describe the flow stress characteristics of ZL101A aluminum alloy.
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Key words:
- ZL101A aluminum alloy /
- high strain rate /
- flow stress /
- high temperature /
- split Hopkinson pressure bar
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图 2 初始温度为20 ℃、应变率为3000 s−1时试样的应力-应变关系
Figure 2. Stress-strain relation of the specimen with the initial temperature of 20 ℃ and strain rate of 3000 s−1
图 4 不同初始温度下ZL101A铝合金塑性阶段的应力-应变关系
Figure 4. Dynamic plastic stress-strain curves of ZL101A aluminium alloy at different initial temperatures
图 5 不同温度和应变率条件下ZL101A铝合金的动态屈服强度和切线模量
Figure 5. Dynamic yield strengthes and tangent moduli of ZL101A aluminium alloy at different temperatures and strain rates
图 6 应变率约为4000 s−1时不同温度下动态压缩实验回收的ZL101A铝合金显微结构
Figure 6. Microstructure of recovered ZL101A aluminium alloy after the dynamic experiments at different temperatures with the strain rate of about 4000 s−1
图 7 依据实验得到的动态屈服强度获得的
$ {f_1}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ 和$ {f_2}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ 函数的拟合结果Figure 7. Fitting results of functions
$ {f_1}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ and$ {f_2}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ according to experimental dynamic yield strength data
图 8 依据实验得到的切线模量获得的
$ {f_3}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ 和$ {f_4}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ 函数的拟合结果Figure 8. Fitting results of functions
$ {f_3}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ and$ {f_4}\left( {{T^*}} \right) $ according to experimental tangent modulus data
图 9 不同温度和应变率下实验结果与模型预测结果对比
Figure 9. Comparison of experimental results and model predictions at different temperatures and strain rates
表 1 本构模型中的材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters in the constitutive model
A1 B1 C1 D1 A2 B2 C2 D2 0.98586 −0.64661 −1.26×103 0.67008 0.01931 −0.59602 −0.04952 1.57845 
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