氧气浓度对气相爆轰合成纳米碳球的影响

李晓杰; 杨瑞; 闫鸿浩

doi:10.11858/gywlxb.2017.01.003

氧气浓度对气相爆轰合成纳米碳球的影响

doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.01.003

大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024

详细信息

作者简介:
李晓杰(1963—)，男，博士，教授, 主要从事纳米材料爆轰制备、爆炸焊接研究.E-mail:923309973@qq.com

通讯作者:
杨瑞(1991—)，男，硕士，主要从事气相爆轰合成纳米材料研究.E-mail:1040001753@qq.com

中图分类号: O389
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-03-10
- 修回日期: 2016-05-25

Influence of Oxygen Concentration on Carbon Nanospheres Prepared by Gaseous Detonation

State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

摘要

摘要: 以氧气和苯为反应物，采用气相爆轰法制备纳米碳球是一种新兴的碳纳米材料的制备方法，通过X射线衍射(XRD)进行物相分析，并通过透射电镜(TEM)进行形貌分析，观察了产物的晶粒大小。结果表明，纳米碳球的尺寸在30~50 nm之间，随着氧气浓度的增加，产物晶粒尺寸变小，分散性也变好，团聚程度降低。同时发现，反应物的初始浓度对气相爆轰合成纳米材料有重要影响。此外，还对气相爆轰合成纳米碳球的形成机理进行了讨论。
- 气相爆轰 /
- 纳米碳球 /
- 晶粒尺寸
Abstract: Preparing carbon nanospheres by gaseous detonation using oxygen-benzene mixture as the reactants is a new method. The crystal composition, grain size and phase structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the dimension distribution of the carbon nanospheres ranges from 30 to 50 nm. The grain size decreases as the oxygen content increases, but the grain dispersivity is improved and the agglomerate is reduced. At the same time, the initial concentration of the reactants has significant influence on the synthesis of nanomaterial prepared by gaseous detonation. Furthermore, the growth mechanism of carbon nanospheres by gaseous detonation was discussed.
- gaseous detonation /
- carbon nanospheres /
- grain size

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图 1 燃烧气体与燃烧产物平衡组分的关系

Figure 1. Relationship of combustion gas and combustion products

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图 2 不同氧气浓度比下气相爆轰合成纳米碳球的X射线衍射图谱

Figure 2. XRD patterns of C prepared by gaseous detonation with different O₂ concentrations

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图 3 样品1~样品7的TEM图

Figure 3. TEM images of Sample 1-Sample 7

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图 4 样品3的HETEM图

Figure 4. HETEM image of Sample 3

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图 5 样品2的晶粒分布直方图

Figure 5. Particle size distribution histogram of Sample 2

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图 6 气相爆轰合成纳米碳球可能形成机理

Figure 6. Possible formation mechanism of gas detonation synthesis for carbon nanospheres

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表 1 爆炸产物主要成分分布

Table 1. Distribution of main products from explosion

V(O₂)/V(C₆H₆)	OB	Main ingredients of explosion products
1.0-3.0	-	CO(g), H₂(g), C(s)
3.0-7.5	-	CO₂(g), CO(g), H₂O(g), H₂(g)
7.5-8.0	+	CO₂(g), H₂O(g), O₂(g)

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表 2 实验时的合成条件和反应参数

Table 2. Synthesis condition for samples and reaction parameters

No.	Oxygen tension /(MPa)	Volume of benzene/(mL)	Benzene vapor partial pressure/(MPa)	n(O₂/C₆H₆)
1	0.048	4.0	0.018 83	2.55
2	0.045	4.0	0.018 83	2.39
3	0.040	4.0	0.018 83	2.12
4	0.030	4.0	0.018 83	1.59
5	0.030	3.4	0.016 00	1.87
6	0.028	3.4	0.016 00	1.75
7	0.027	3.4	0.016 00	1.69
8	0.020	3.4	0.016 00	1.25

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表 3 不同工况下的晶粒尺寸

Table 3. Crystalline size under different conditions

No.	2θ/(°)	n(O₂/C₆H₆)	Crystalline size/(nm)
1	26.4	2.55	38
2	26.4	2.39	42
3	26.4	2.12	43
4	26.4	1.59	45
5	26.3	1.87	33
6	26.3	1.75	37
7	26.3	1.69	39
8		1.25	Incomplete detonation

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