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摘要: 猛炸药爆轰产物的状态可以用两相的强排斥-平动物态方程（简称为两相的排平物态方程）很好地描述。以爆轰产物分两段的等熵曲线为参考曲线的两相的排平（k, ）物态方程，已经用于爆轰参数和强爆轰参数的理论估算，所得理论值与实验值符合得很好。为了更方便地估算爆温，有必要给出描述分子间相互作用的比内能项与压力项（分别简称为冷比内能与冷压）。参照描述分子间相互作用的Morse势和Mie势的排斥项，给出了带待定参数A、m、n和l的冷比能项和冷压项，这样的物态方程被称为两相的排平（A, m, n, l）物态方程。用TNT的{D, 0}实验数据组，确定了两相的排平（A, m, n, l）物态方程的参数n=1和l=1/3，因此，可将其简称为两相的排平（A, m）物态方程。它适用于所有的猛炸药的爆轰产物。用硝基甲烷的强爆轰参数{p, D, T}实验数据组对其所做的检验表明，两相的排平（A, m）物态方程是恰当的爆轰产物物态方程。Abstract: The gas product of detonation of a secondary explosive can be described by a liquid equation of state that describes interaction between the molecules as strong repulsive and all outer heat motions of the molecule as free translations. The solid product carbon can be described as the rigid body. Then, a two-phase repulsive-translation equation of state of detonation product (two-phase R-T EOS for short) has been obtained. The two-phase R-T EOS using a known isentropic composed of two sections and through the CJ point as a reference curve has been named two-phase R-T (k, ) EOS and used to estimate the detonation and strong-detonation parameters of some explosives. The theory and experiment values of detonation parameters are in good agreement. The expressions of specific energy and pressure that describe strong repulsive interaction between molecules (cold specific energy and cold pressure for short) are necessary in order to estimate detonation temperature directly and conveniently. The expressions of cold specific energy and cold pressure with uncertain parameters A, m, n and l were obtained with reference to repulsive terms of the Mores and Mie potential expressions, then the two-phase R-T EOS characterized by the cold specific energy and the cold pressure was named two-phase R-T (A, m, n, l) EOS. With experimental {D, 0} data of TNT, the parameters n and l were determined, namely, n=1 and l=1/3, because the error between calculated and experimental data is minimum (0.59 %) in this case. The two-phase R-T (A, m, n, l) EOS of n=1 and l=1/3 was named two-phase R-T (A, m) EOS for short.A test of the two-phase R-T (A, m) EOS with the experimental parameters of strong detonation for Nitromethane was performed. The average error between calculated and experimental data of detonation velocity and temperature are respectively 0.36% and 203 K. The latter can be explained as without consideration of melting of graphite. Therefore a conclusion that the two-phase R-T (A, m) EOS is a proper equation of state of detonation product was obtained.
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Key words:
- equation of state /
- explosive /
- detonation
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