Experimental Studies on Failure Mode of Low Speed Projectilesby Local Modification on Steel Plates
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摘要: 为研究局部改性弹体结构的破坏和质量损失规律，设计了不同改性特征的侵彻弹体，在380~500 m/s速度范围内进行了侵彻装甲靶板的实验研究，并对弹体的破坏形式、质量损失等问题进行了探讨。结果表明：随着初始速度的增加，实验弹体的弹长侵蚀率及相对质量损失率相应增加，而弹径磨损率变化较小；穿靶后实验弹体以头部剪切断裂为主要破坏形式，但主体部分仍然保持稳定。改性工艺①和工艺⑤既与弹体强度有较好的匹配性，又可保持良好的破碎性能。Abstract: In this work different modification features were designed for the study of the fracture characteristic and mass abrasion of projectiles with local modification, normal impact experiments were performed on typical RHA targets at velocities ranging from 380 to 500 m/s, and the failure mode and mass loss of the penetrating projectile were examined.The results show that the length eroding and mass loss of the projectile increase as the impact velocity increases, yet the variation of the diameter eroding is small.The failure mode of the projectiles is mainly shear fracture, and the macroscopic damage degree of the projectiles by local modification processes is comparable to that of the unmodified projectiles, of which the main structure and modification parts remain stable.The local modification ① and ⑤ with better fragmentation performance can prevent the damage from occurring during ballistic impacts.
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Key words:
- penetration /
- local modification /
- failure mode /
- mass loss /
- fragmentation
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图 6 穿靶后结构完整的弹体
Figure 6. Projectiles of structural integrity after impacting experiments
图 11 穿靶后10#、6#和1#弹体破片的数量分布
Figure 11. Cumulative number distributions of 10#, 6# and 1# projectiles
表 1 局部改性工艺
Table 1. Processes of local modification
Technical parameter Voltage/(kV) Focus current/(mA) Scan speed/(mm/s) Projectile No. ① 60 520 90 8#, 10# ② 60 515 70 2#, 3# ③ 50 405 75 4#, 5# ④ 60 400 70 9# ⑤ 50 410 90 6#, 7# None 1# 
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表 2 弹体侵彻装甲靶板实验结果
Table 2. Experimental results of penetration into RHA target
Projectile No. Target thickness/(mm) Mass of projectile/(g) Technical parameter Impact velocity/(m/s) Results 1# 4 107.0 None 494 Perforation with projectile nose destroyed 2# 4 107.2 ② 407 Perforation with projectile nose destroyed 3# 4 105.5 ② 417 Perforation with projectile nose destroyed 4# 4 106.6 ③ 427 Perforation with projectile nose destroyed 5# 4 106.1 ③ 441 Perforation with projectile nose destroyed 6# 4 105.6 ⑤ 441 Perforation with projectile integrity 7# 4 105.8 ⑤ 440 Perforation with projectile integrity 8# 4 107.1 ① 443 Perforation with projectile integrity 9# 4 107.5 ④ 484 Perforation with projectile nose destroyed 10# 4 105.1 ① 443 Perforation with projectile integrity
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表 3 穿靶后弹体的质量损失
Table 3. Variation of the projectiles mass after impacting
Projectile No. m0/(g) mf/(g) $ \frac{{\Delta m}}{{{m_0}}}/\left( \% \right) $ 1# 107.0 100.3 6.20 2# 107.2 104.9 2.10 3# 105.5 104.3 1.10 4# 106.6 106.5 0.09 5# 106.1 103.7 2.26 6# 105.6 105.5 0.09 7# 105.8 105.4 3.70 8# 107.1 107.0 0.09 9# 107.5 103.6 3.62 10# 105.1 105.0 0.09
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