Static Electric Field Energy-Storaging Characteristics of PbLa(Zr, Sn, Ti)O3 Ceramics
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摘要: 为了研究微量掺镧的反铁电陶瓷锆锡钛酸铅(PbLa(Zr, Sn, Ti)O3, PLZST)的静态存储电场能量的特性，采用传统的氧化物固态反应的陶瓷制备工艺，制备了4个锆锡比不同的PLZST陶瓷样品，样品组分均位于PLZST相图中铁电-反铁电相界附近。通过等静压压致放电的实验方法研究了PLZST陶瓷放电特性。结果表明，经过充分极化的PLZST处于亚稳态的铁电相，在压力作用下，PLZST发生铁电反铁电相变，把在直流电场下极化时储存于PLZST陶瓷的静电场能量瞬间释放出来，从而得到极高功率的电脉冲。最终，样品完全退极化，最大放电电流密度达到5.0nA/cm2，样品的静电场储能密度最高可达9.45J/cm3，因此PLZST陶瓷是爆电换能电源的理想材料。Abstract: In order to find out about the static electric field energy-storaging characteristics of lead zirconate stannate titanate ceramics doped with lanthanum, PbLa(Zr, Sn, Ti)O3 (PLZST) ceramics with different Sn/Zr ratios were fabricated using the conventional solid-state reaction of oxide method.The compositions of samples are all close to phase bound of ferroelectric (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE).The energy-storaging characteristics of PLZST ceramics were investigated experimentally through hydrostatic pressure induced discharging.The results show polarized PLZST ceramics in the DC field are in a meta-stable FE state.Phase transitions from FE to AFE occur under the influence of the pressure, and the static electric field energy stored via polarization is released instantly, which leads to high-power current pulses.PLZST ceramics are totally depolarized after the discharging.The largest discharge current density and the largest electric field density are 5.0nA/cm2 and 9.45J/cm3 respectively.PLZST ceramics are ideal materials for explosive energy converter's power supply.
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图 1 等静压压致放电测试装置示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the hydrostatic pressure induced discharging device
图 2 铁电陶瓷极化过程示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of ferroelectric ceramic polarization processes
图 3 压力诱导的PLZST陶瓷放电电流曲线
Figure 3. Hydrostatic pressure induced discharging curves of PLZST ceramics
表 1 PLZST陶瓷样品的组分
Table 1. Component of PLZST ceramics
Sample No. Component S1 Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.69Sn0.196Ti0.114)O3 S2 Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.71Sn0.176Ti0.114)O3 S3 Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.73Sn0.156Ti0.114)O3 S4 Pb0.97La0.02(Zr0.75Sn0.136Ti0.114)O3 
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表 2 PLZST陶瓷的静电储能参数
Table 2. Stored energy parameters of PLZST ceramics
Sample No. W/(J) w/(J/cm3) Q/(μC) S1 0.44 7.40 23.8 S2 0.56 9.45 25.9 S3 0.34 5.71 20.4 S4 0.55 9.40 25.2
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表 3 等静压诱导的PLZST陶瓷放电电流参数
Table 3. Discharging current parameters induced by hydrostatic pressure of PLZST ceramics
Sample No. p/(MPa) Im/(nA) Jm/(nA/cm2) S1 290 2.3 2.7 S2 280 1.8 2.1 S3 260 2.7 3.2 S4 198 4.2 5.0
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