A Comparative Analysis of Underwater Explosion Properties for High-Content Aluminum Foil and Aluminum Powder Explosives
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摘要: 为研究铝箔膜炸药的爆炸性能, 将铝箔膜与RDX炸药均匀混合并压制成型, 得到高铝含量的铝箔膜炸药, 与铝粉炸药形成对比, 进行水下爆炸实验。通过实验测得两种炸药在不同距离处的冲击波压力时程, 分析冲击波压力峰值、冲量、比冲击波能、气泡脉动周期、比气泡能和总能量等主要参数的差异。研究表明:铝箔膜炸药压力峰值的衰减速率低于铝粉炸药, 冲量和比冲击波能与铝粉炸药相当; 由于铝箔膜的比表面积比铝粉小, 纯度相对较高, 气泡脉动周期相对较长, 因此铝箔膜炸药的比气泡能乃至总能量均略高于铝粉炸药。Abstract: In order to study the explosion properties of the aluminum foil explosive, a high-content aluminum foil explosive, obtained by mixing aluminum foil with RDX uniformly, was chosen and compared with aluminum powder explosive in underwater explosion.The difference of the major parameters, such as the peak pressure, the impulse, the specific shock wave energy, the specific bubble energy, and the specific explosion energy, were obtained by analyzing the pressure vs.time curves recorded at different distances.The results from this experiment suggest that the decay rate of the peak pressure of the aluminum foil explosive is slower than that of the aluminum powder explosive, and the impulse and specific shock wave energy from the two explosives nearly match each other.The specific bubble energy of the aluminum foil explosive is slightly greater than that of the aluminum particle explosive due to its smaller specific surface area with high purity of aluminum and the longer bubble pulsation period of the aluminum foil explosive, so that the total energy of the aluminum foil explosive is slightly greater than that of the aluminum powder explosive.
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表 1 炸药配方
Table 1. Formulation of explosives
Explosive No. Mass fraction/(%) Density/(g/cm3) RDX Wax NC Al foil Al powder 1 66.5 3.5 0 0 30.0 1.72-1.74 2 57.0 3.0 0 0 40.0 1.74-1.77 3 66.5 0 3.5 30.0 0 1.82-1.86 4 57.0 0 3.0 40.0 0 1.88-1.91 表 2 炸药压力峰值和冲量的拟合系数
Table 2. Fitted coefficients of peak pressure and impulse of explosives
Explosive wAl/(%) a/(MPa) b λ φ Aluminum powder explosive 30 930.125 80 -1.019 97 0.008 48 0.944 30 40 556.086 36 -0.921 60 0.008 83 0.984 19 Aluminum foil explosive 30 490.971 54 -0.873 82 0.009 02 0.939 70 40 481.266 14 -0.889 29 0.008 43 0.937 54 表 3 炸药水下爆炸能量输出的相关参数
Table 3. Related parameters of underwater explosion energy output of explosives
Explosive wAl/(%) ρT/(g/cm3) ρe, w/(g/cm3) D/(km/s) R/(m) Es/(kJ/g) Tb/(ms) Eb/(kJ/g) E/(kJ/g) Aluminum powder explosive 30 1.937 1.499 7.342 0.7 1.19 61.72 3.14 5.52 0.9 1.16 61.72 3.15 5.47 1.2 1.13 61.42 3.09 5.35 1.5 1.08 61.65 3.14 5.30 40 2.019 1.421 7.183 0.7 1.06 62.13 3.21 5.30 0.9 1.01 62.36 3.23 5.21 1.2 0.99 62.04 3.23 5.15 1.5 0.98 62.21 3.21 5.14 Aluminum foil explosive 30 1.977 1.625 7.706 0.7 1.21 63.06 3.34 5.89 0.9 1.18 63.49 3.40 5.88 1.2 1.14 62.81 3.30 5.71 1.5 1.10 63.36 3.38 5.69 40 2.056 1.602 7.504 0.7 1.04 62.71 3.38 5.53 0.9 1.02 63.06 3.36 5.46 1.2 0.99 62.71 3.33 5.39 1.5 0.99 62.91 3.34 5.38 -
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